| 方晴,陈垣,郭凤霞,梁伟,姜小凤.不同耕作方式对连作当归产量和土壤理化性质的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2025,(4):142~149 |
| 不同耕作方式对连作当归产量和土壤理化性质的影响 |
| Effects of different tillage methods on yield of continuous cropping of Angelica sinensis and soil physicochemical properties |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.04.15 |
| 中文关键词: 耕作方式 当归 土壤理化性质 土壤质量 产量 品质 |
| 英文关键词:tillage methods Angelica sinensis soil physicochemical properties soil quality yield quality |
| 基金项目:西北中药材全程机械化科研基地建设项目“西北典型中药材宜机化生产农艺技术研究”（2109-000000-20-01-199092）；中央农业生产发展专项“道地中药材优势特色产业集群良种繁育建设”（ZYNF-2022-03）;国家自然科学基金（31560175）；中药材当归及黄芪航天育种项目（XDZY-(2017)115） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 针对当前当归连作土壤环境恶化问题，以传统翻耕20 cm为对照（CK），设置深翻40 cm（T1）、深松耕50 cm（T2）、深松耕60 cm（T3）3种耕作方式，研究不同耕作方式对土壤理化性质、当归产量及品质的影响。结果表明：（1）与CK相比，T1、T2、T3处理能够有效降低0~60 cm土层土壤容重，提高土壤孔隙度和含水量，其中T3处理0~20、20~40、40~60 cm土层土壤容重分别显著降低6.34%、12.28%和11.18%。（2）与CK相比，T1、T2、T3处理能降低土壤pH值，3个处理0~20 cm土层土壤pH值分别显著降低16.11%、9.45%和24.37%；T2处理0~20、20~40、40~60 cm土层土壤碱解氮含量分别显著增加3.11%、22.93%和60.51%，速效钾含量分别显著增加23.39%、71.79%和46.44%。（3）主成分分析结果表明，T2处理土壤质量最佳。（4）T2处理当归鲜产量、干产量、浸出物含量、阿魏酸含量、藁本内酯含量最高，较CK分别提高114.70%、110.05%、24.33%、14.44%、38.14%。综上可知，深翻及深松耕均能有效改善当归连作地耕层土壤质量，提高当归产量及品质，且以深松耕50 cm措施效果最佳。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To address the issue of soil environmental degradation caused by continuous cropping of Angelica sinensis, three tillage methods were evaluated. Traditional tillage to a depth of 20 cm was used as the control (CK), while the experimental treatments included deep tillage to 40 cm (T1), subsoiling to 50 cm (T2), and subsoiling to 60 cm (T3). The study aimed to assess the effects of these different tillage methods on the soil’s physicochemical properties, as well as the yield and quality of Angelica sinensis. The results showed that: (1) Compared with the control (CK), the T1, T2, and T3 treatments effectively reduced the soil bulk density in the 0~60 cm soil layer, while enhancing soil porosity and water content. Notably, the T3 treatment significantly reduced soil bulk density by 6.34%, 12.28%, and 11.18% in the 0~20 cm, 20~40 cm, and 40~60 cm layers, respectively. (2) Compared with CK, T1, T2 and T3 treatments could reduce soil pH, and the soil pH value of 0~20 cm soil layer was significantly reduced by 16.11%, 9.45% and 24.37%, respectively. The content of alkali hydrolysable nitrogen in the 0~20, 20~40 cm and 40~60 cm soil layers of T2 treatment increased significantly by 3.11%, 22.93% and 60.51%, respectively, and the content of available potassium increased significantly by 23.39%, 71.79% and 46.44%, respectively. (3) The T2 treatment exhibited the highest soil quality according to the principal component analysis. (4) The fresh yield, dry yield, extract content, ferulic acid content and ligustilide content of Angelica sinensis in T2 treatment were the highest, which were 114.70%, 110.05%, 24.33%, 14.44% and 38.14% higher than those in CK, respectively. In conclusion, both deep ploughing and subsoiling tillage effectively improve the soil quality of the cultivated layer in continuous Angelica sinensis cropping and enhance its yield and quality, with subsoiling tillage at a depth of 50 cm showing the most significant effect. |
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