马兵,滕远,汪星,陈文昊,于晓,吴贤忠,吕雯,汪治同,侯嘉娜,马维薇.宁南黄土丘陵区柠条林伐后再种植苜蓿地土壤水分特征研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2025,(4):150~159
宁南黄土丘陵区柠条林伐后再种植苜蓿地土壤水分特征研究
Soil moisture dynamics in alfalfa fields following caragana forest clearing in the Loess Hilly Region of southern Ningnan
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.04.16
中文关键词:  土壤干燥化  苜蓿  土壤水分  水分利用效率  黄土丘陵区
英文关键词:soil desiccation  alfalfa  soil moisture  water use efficiency  Loess Hilly Region
基金项目:宁夏回族自治区自然科学基金（2022AAC05019）；国家自然科学基金（32060301，32260422）
作者单位
马兵 宁夏大学林业与草业学院，宁夏 银川 750021；2. 宁夏大学林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室，宁夏 银川 750021 
滕远 宁夏大学林业与草业学院，宁夏 银川 750021；2. 宁夏大学林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室，宁夏 银川 750021 
汪星 宁夏大学林业与草业学院，宁夏 银川 750021；2. 宁夏大学林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室，宁夏 银川 750021 
陈文昊 宁夏大学林业与草业学院，宁夏 银川 750021；2. 宁夏大学林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室，宁夏 银川 750021 
于晓 宁夏大学林业与草业学院，宁夏 银川 750021；2. 宁夏大学林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室，宁夏 银川 750021 
吴贤忠 兰州城市学院城市环境学院，甘肃 兰州 730070 
吕雯 宁夏大学生态环境学院，宁夏 银川 750021 
汪治同 阿拉善左旗宗别立镇综合保障和技术推广中心，内蒙古 阿拉善左旗 750300 
侯嘉娜 宁夏大学林业与草业学院，宁夏 银川 750021；2. 宁夏大学林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室，宁夏 银川 750021 
马维薇 宁夏大学生态环境学院，宁夏 银川 750021 
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中文摘要:
      为探究黄土丘陵区深厚土壤干燥化背景下再种植深根系、多年生植物后的土壤水分特征，在宁南王洼水土保持试验站进行模拟干燥化土壤再种植苜蓿试验，对2022—2024年0~600 cm土层土壤水分进行连续监测，同时测定苜蓿产量和水分利用效率。结果表明：（1）逐月土壤水分昼夜变化随深度的增加而减缓，在40 cm土层基本保持不变，昼夜土壤含水量最大值与最小值出现时间在5—10月逐渐推迟。（2）在深层土壤干燥化背景下，再种植苜蓿第1年土壤水分以储蓄为主，储蓄主要集中在0~340 cm土层，土壤干层水分恢复达田间持水量的76%，且恢复深度达290 cm；苜蓿种植第2年和第3年土壤水分以消耗为主，有效土壤储水在苜蓿种植第3年基本已消耗殆尽。（3）再种植苜蓿第1年和第2年，苜蓿产量及水分利用效率与对照相比无显著差异；再种植第3年苜蓿产量则显著降低，但水分利用效率变化不显著。该研究可为黄土丘陵区人工植被可持续更替及合理利用水资源提供科学依据。
英文摘要:
      To investigate soil moisture dynamics under deep\|rooted perennial plants re\|planted in the context of deep soil drying in the Loess Hilly Region, a field experiment was conducted at the Wangwa Soil and Water Conservation Experimental Station. The study simulated the replanting of alfalfa in previously dried soil and continuously monitored soil moisture from 0 to 600 cm depth between 2022 and 2024, alongside measurements of alfalfa yield and water use efficiency. The results are as follows: (1) Diurnal variations in soil moisture decreased with increasing depth, becoming relatively stable at the 40 cm soil layer. The timing of maximum and minimum daily soil moisture content values was progressively delayed from May to October. (2) In the context of deep soil drying, during the first year of alfalfa replanting, soil moisture storage increased significantly, primarily within the 0~340 cm soil layer. Moisture recovery in the dry soil layer reached 76% of field capacity, with a recovery depth of up to 290 cm. During the second and third years of alfalfa cultivation, soil moisture consumption was predominant, and effective soil water storage was nearly exhausted by the third year. (3) Compared to the control group, alfalfa yield and water use efficiency showed no significant differences during the first and second years of replanting. However, yield declined significantly in the third year of replanting, while water use efficiency remained unchanged. These findings provide scientific support for the sustainable replacement of artificial vegetation and the rational management of water resources in the Loess Hilly Region.
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