| 李哲,郭淑青,范子晗,李红兵,张岁岐.谷子种质资源抗旱性鉴定指标筛选及综合评价[J].干旱地区农业研究,2025,(5):15~25 |
| 谷子种质资源抗旱性鉴定指标筛选及综合评价 |
| Selection and comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance identification indicators in millet germplasm resources |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.05.02 |
| 中文关键词: 谷子 种质资源 抗旱指标 抗旱品种筛选 |
| 英文关键词:millet germplasm resources drought resistance indicators drought\|resistant variety selection |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFD1900705，2022YFD1901602） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 基于30份不同谷子品种开展抗旱性鉴定与评价，苗期水培试验设置干旱胁迫（20% PEG+Hoagland营养液培养）与对照（Hoagland营养液培养）2个处理，田间试验设置正常灌水（补充灌溉）与干旱胁迫（自然降水）2个处理，通过测定苗期谷子形态指标与生理指标划分不同抗旱等级并筛选抗旱指标，结合成株期产量与水分利用效率共同比选出适宜谷子主产区种植的高产抗旱品种。研究结果表明：谷子苗期的形态指标与生理指标对干旱胁迫都有显著响应。干旱胁迫条件下，形态指标测定值下降幅度依次为：地下部鲜质量（60.14%）>地上部鲜质量（54.99%）>地下部干质量（42.82%）>地上部干质量（38.54%）>苗长（26.97%）>根长（20.9%）;生理指标测定值除叶绿素含量外均有上升趋势，上升幅度依次为：脯氨酸含量（448.13%）>可溶性糖含量（224.26%）>丙二醛含量（114.8%）。主成分分析将10个指标转化为4个主成分，以D值进行聚类分析，将30份谷子种质划分为4个不同抗旱类型，其中高度抗旱的品种为陇谷12、陇谷32、张杂谷19和陇谷10。逐步回归分析结果表明地上部鲜质量、地下部干质量、叶绿素含量、脯氨酸含量、丙二醛含量5个指标可作为谷子苗期抗旱性鉴定的关键指标。通过苗期抗旱性鉴定结合田间产量与水分利用效率分析，确定张杂谷19与陇谷32两份适宜在谷子主产区推广种植的高产抗旱品种。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Based on 30 varieties of foxtail millet, drought resistance identification and evaluation were carried out. During the seedling stage, two treatments, drought stress (20% PEG+Hoagland’s nutrient solution) and control (Hoagland’s nutrient solution), were set up in a hydroponic experiment, while two treatments, normal irrigation (supplementary irrigation) and drought stress (natural precipitation), were set up in the field experiment. Morphological and physiological indicators at the seedling stage were measured to classify drought resistance levels and screen drought tolerance indices. These were integrated with yield and water use efficiency at the maturity stage to select high\|yield, drought\|resistant varieties suitable for major foxtail millet production regions.The results showed that the morphological and physiological indicators of foxtail millet seedlings show significant responses to drought stress. Under drought stress conditions, the decrease in morphological parameters was as follows: fresh underground mass (60.14%) > fresh aboveground mass (54.99%) > dry underground mass (42.82%) > dry aboveground mass (38.54%) > seedling length (26.97%) > root length (20.9%). Physiological indicators generally increased except for chlorophyll content, with the following trends: proline content (448.13%) > soluble sugar content (224.26%) > malondialdehyde content (114.8%). Principal component analysis (PCA) converted 10 indicators into 4 principal components. Based on D values, cluster analysis categorized the 30 varieties into 4 drought\|resistant groups, with Longgu 12, Longgu 32, Zhangzagu 19, and Longgu 10 classified as highly drought\|resistant. The results of stepwise regression analysis indicated that five indicators, including fresh aboveground mass, dry underground mass, chlorophyll content, proline content, and malondialdehyde content, can be used as key indicators for identifying drought resistance in foxtail millet at the seedling stage. By identifying drought resistance during the seedling stage and analyzing field yield and water use efficiency, two high\|yield and drought\|resistant varieties, Zhangzagu 19 and Longgu 32, were determined to be suitable for promotion and planting in the main production areas of foxtail millet. |
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