| 冶赓康,俄胜哲,袁金华,杨云涛,路港滨,张鹏,刘雅娜.黑垆土磷素组分对长期不同施肥处理的响应[J].干旱地区农业研究,2025,(5):177~185 |
| 黑垆土磷素组分对长期不同施肥处理的响应 |
| Response of phosphorus components in black loessial soil to long\|term different fertilization treatments |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.05.18 |
| 中文关键词: 黑垆土 无机磷组分 施肥方式 长期施肥 |
| 英文关键词:black loessial soil inorganic phosphorus component fertilization method long\|term fertilization |
| 基金项目:甘肃省农业科学院科研条件建设及成果转化项目（2022GAAS39）；国家自然科学基金(41661072) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为科学管理土壤磷素营养，以甘肃省泾川县的黑垆土为研究对象，设6个试验处理，包括不施肥(CK)、单施氮肥(N)、氮磷配施(NP)、秸秆加氮磷肥(SNP)、农家肥(M)、农家肥加氮磷肥(MNP)，在长期定位施肥条件下对黑垆土进行磷组分含量测定，并进行相关性分析。结果表明：（1）与不施肥处理（CK）相比，长期施用氮磷肥（NP）、农家肥（M）、农家肥加氮磷肥（MNP）显著增加了土壤全磷含量，分别增加212.47、382.39、600.54 mg·kg-1；施用磷肥的3个处理（NP、SNP、MNP）及施用农家肥（M）显著增加了土壤速效磷含量，分别增加6.70、7.57、42.99、29.25 mg·kg-1；除单施氮肥(N)外，其他处理显著增加了Ca2-P、Ca8-P、Fe-P、Al-P含量，其中以MNP处理增加最多，分别增加42.80、122.10、28.10、61.70 mg·kg-1。（2）相关性分析结果表明，全磷含量与Ca2-P、Ca8-P、Fe-P、Al-P呈极显著正相关关系（P<0.01），其中Ca8-P的R2系数最大，解释度高达88.88%，其次为Ca2-P、Al-P、Fe-P；速效磷含量与Ca2-P、Ca8-P、Fe-P、Al-P呈极显著正相关关系（P<0.01），Ca2-P的R2系数最大，解释度高达97.90%，其次为Ca8-P、Al-P和Fe-P。综上所述，长期不同施肥方式（NP、SNP、MNP、M）对黑垆土磷组分均有一定的影响，除单施氮肥(N)外，其他处理均可增加活性较高磷组分含量，对于Ca2-P、Ca8-P、Fe-P、Al-P含量，农家肥加氮磷肥（MNP）增加效果最佳；对于O-P含量，施农家肥（M）增加效果最佳。5个施肥处理潜在磷源（Ca10-P）含量较CK均显著降低。Ca8-P、Ca2-P、Al-P、Fe-P与全磷含量呈极显著正相关关系，其中Ca8-P与全磷含量相关系数最大（R2=0.887）;Ca2-P、Al-P、Ca8-P、Fe-P与速效磷含量呈极显著正相关关系，其中Ca2-P与速效磷相关系数最大（R2=0.979）。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to scientifically manage soil phosphorus nutrition, the black loessial soil in Jingchuan County, Gansu Province was selected as the research object. The experiment was designed with six treatments, including no fertilization (CK), nitrogen fertilizer alone (N), nitrogen and phosphorus with fertilization (NP), straw plus nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer (SNP), farmyard manure (M), and farmyard manure plus nitrogen and phosphorus (MNP). The determination of phosphorus component content in black loessial soil by long\|term targeted fertilization was studied, and correlation analysis was conducted. The results showed that， (1) Compared with no fertilization treatment (CK), long\|term application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer (NP), farmyard manure (M), and farmyard manure plus nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer (MNP) significantly increased soil total phosphorus content, with increases of 212.47 mg·kg-1, 382.39 mg·kg-1, and 600.54 mg·kg-1, respectively. The three treatments of phosphorus fertilizer (NP, SNP, and MNP) and farmyard manure (M) significantly increased soil available phosphorus content compared with the control CK, with increases of 6.70 mg·kg-1, 7.57 mg·kg-1, 42.99 mg·kg-1, and 29.25 mg·kg-1, respectively. Except for the application of nitrogen fertilizer (N) alone, other treatments significantly increased the content of Ca2-P, Ca8-P, Fe-P, and Al-P. Among them, the application of farmyard manure plus nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer (MNP) increased the most, with increases of 42.80 mg·kg-1, 122.10 mg·kg-1, 28.10 mg·kg-1, 61.70 mg·kg-1, respectively. (2) The correlation analysis results showed that the total phosphorus content had an extremely significant positive correlation with Ca2-P, Ca8-P, Fe-P, and Al-P (P<0.01), with Ca8-P having the highest R2 coefficient and an explanatory power of 88.88%, followed by Ca2-P, Al-P, and Fe-P. The available phosphorus content was extremely significantly positively correlated with Ca2-P, Ca8-P, Fe-P, and Al-P (P<0.01), with Ca2-P having the highest the R2 coefficient and an explanatory power of 97.90%, followed by Ca8-P, Al-P, and Fe-P. In summary, long-term different fertilizer applications had a certain effect on the phosphorus components of the black loessial soil. Except for the single application of nitrogen fertilizer (N), all other treatments could increase the content of the active phosphorus components. For the contents of Ca2-P, Ca8-P, Fe-P, and Al-P, the combination of farmyard manure and nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer (MNP) had the best effect on increasing the content. For the contents of O-P, the application of farmyard manure (M) had the most significant improvement. The five fertilization treatments all significantly reduced the potential phosphorus source (Ca10-P) content compared to the control (CK). Ca8-P, Ca2-P, Al-P, and Fe-P showed extremely significant positive correlations with the total phosphorus content. Among them, Ca8-P had the highest correlation coefficient with the total phosphorus （R2=0.887）, while Ca2-P, Al-P, Ca8-P, and Fe-P have an extremely significant positive correlation with the available phosphorus content, with Ca2-P having the highest correlation coefficient with the available phosphorus （R2=0.979）. |
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