| 郝朝会,吴宗剑,陈宏圣,于靖博,肖作岭,周涛,张焱栋,徐天宇.工业大麻割铺机铺放机理与试验研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2025,(5):290~297 |
| 工业大麻割铺机铺放机理与试验研究 |
| Laying mechanism and experiment of industrial hemp windrower |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.05.29 |
| 中文关键词: 工业大麻收获 割铺机 铺放机理 铺放角 |
| 英文关键词:industrial hemp harvest windrower laying mechanism laying angle |
| 基金项目:新疆维吾尔自治区博士后资助项目（10062300211）；新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发专项（2022B02023）；大学生创新创业训练计划项目（国家级项目202310994002，省级项目S202310994018） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为解决工业大麻割铺机在作业过程中出现堵塞、铺放质量差等问题，对行车速度和甩麻速度影响铺放角的规律和机理进行研究。通过理论分析计算，得到了铺放角理论公式及植株不向割台倾倒的条件：当行车速度为3 km·h-1，理论甩麻速度≥149.59 r·min-1；基于MATLAB仿真分析得到：甩麻转速一定时，铺放角随行车速度增大而减小，且甩麻转速越低其减小速率越快；行车速度一定时，铺放角随甩麻转速的增大而增大，且行车速度越高其增大速率越快。通过田间试验，得到理论铺放角和试验铺放角的相对误差在5%置信区间内，验证了修正系数k=0.9可信；得到最佳参数组合为：甩麻转速为306.90 r·min-1，行车速度为5.73 km·h-1，该参数组合下麻秆铺放角、角度差和根差分别为89.44°、7.66°、20.47 mm，基于最优参数组合，将大麻割铺机甩麻转速和行车速度分别调整为306 r·min-1、5.7 km·h-1进行田间试验验证，测得工业大麻铺放角为88.6°、角度差为7.9°、根差为20.78 mm，其相对误差均小于5%。田间试验结果表明：铺放角理论公式可信，可为工业大麻的机械化收割提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Aimed at the problems such as blockage and poor laying quality of the industrial hemp windrower, the mechanisms of how the traveling speed and hemp\|throwing speed affected the laying angle were studied. Through theoretical analysis and calculation, the theoretical formula of the laying angle and the conditions for the plants not to topple towards the cutting platform were obtained: when the traveling speed was 3 km·h-1, and the theoretical hemp\|throwing speed ≥149.59 r·min-1. Obtained through MATLAB simulation analysis that when the hemp\|throwing rotational speed was constant, the laying angle decreased as the traveling speed increased, and the lower the hemp\|throwing rotational speed was, the faster the decreasing rate; when the traveling speed was constant, the laying angle increased as the hemp\|throwing rotational speed increased, and the higher the traveling speed was, the faster the increasing rate. Through field experiments, it was obtained that the relative error between the theoretical laying angle and the experimental laying angle was within the 5% confidence interval, which verified that the correction coefficient k=0.9 was reliable. The optimal parameter combination was obtained: the hemp\|throwing rotational speed was 306.90 r·min-1, and the traveling speed was 5.73 km·h-1. Under this parameter combination, the hemp stalk laying angle, angle difference, and root difference were 89.44°, 7.66°, and 20.47 mm. Based on the optimal parameter combination, the rotating speed and driving speed of the hemp cutting and paving machine were adjusted to 306 r·min-1 and 5.7 km·h-1, respectively, for field test verification. The measured industrial hemp laying angle was 88.6°, the angle difference was 7.9°, and the root difference was 20.78 mm, and their relative errors were all less than 5%. The results of the field tests showed that the theoretical formula of the laying angle was reliable and could provide a theoretical reference for the mechanized harvesting of industrial hemp in China. |
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