| 罗西衡,张彤,吴彦卿,王培岩,田子怡,唐清,刘娇,杨延龙,韩焕勇,雷长英,贺道华.陆地棉萌发期和三叶期耐复合盐种质筛选与鉴定[J].干旱地区农业研究,2025,(6):12~22 |
| 陆地棉萌发期和三叶期耐复合盐种质筛选与鉴定 |
| Screening and identification of upland cotton germplasm with tolerance to compound salt stress at germination and three\|leaf stages |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.06.02 |
| 中文关键词: 陆地棉 种质 复合盐胁迫 萌发期 三叶期 |
| 英文关键词:upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm compound salt stress germination stage three\|leaf stage |
| 基金项目:罗西衡（2004-），男，陕西汉中人，本科生，研究方向为棉花耐盐生理和分子机制。E\|mail: avasanluo@163.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为筛选棉花耐复合盐种质资源，以166份棉花种质为试验材料，设置0.15 mol·L-1和0.30 mol·L-1复合盐浓度梯度进行胁迫试验。萌发期通过综合排序和模糊隶属函数对种质进行评价，筛选出萌发期耐复合盐品种；将所筛选品种与对照材料‘中9807’、‘西农606’培养至三叶期，在复合盐胁迫下测定叶片形态、叶绿素相对含量、气体交换参数及叶绿素荧光参数，进一步鉴定其耐盐性。结果表明：0.15 mol·L-1复合盐胁迫下大部分材料种子萌发与胚根生长受到明显抑制，发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、鲜质量、胚根长度较对照组分别下降72.558%、63.542%、74.737%、52.790%、17.080%，而通过发芽率、鲜质量、胚根长度筛选的32份棉花种质萌发过程所受的抑制作用较弱；0.30 mol·L-1浓度复合盐对棉花种子生长萌发抑制作用明显大于0.15 mol·L-1浓度，5个性状较0.15 mol·L-1浓度复合盐处理组分别下降96.247%、90.909%、95.389%、98.097%、97.602%。通过综合评价最终从32份棉花种质中筛选出耐盐品种‘德93-04’（编号X170743）与‘4SA-805’（编号X170523）。三叶期试验表明，品种‘德93-04’、‘4SA-805’较对照品种在高浓度复合盐胁迫下仍保持较大叶面积和较强光合能力，印证了两品种在三叶期同样具有较强复合盐耐性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To screen for cotton genotypes with tolerance to composite salt stress, 166 cotton genotypes were used as experimental materials and subjected to compound salt stress at concentrations of 0.15 mol·L-1 and 0.30 mol·L-1. During the germination stage, genotypes were evaluated using comprehensive ranking and fuzzy membership function methods to identify those with greater tolerance. The selected genotypes, along with the control varieties ‘Zhong 9807’ (salt\|tolerant) and ‘Xinong 606’ (salt\|sensitive), were grown to the three\|leaf stage and subjected to compound salt stress. The measurements of leaf morphology, relative chlorophyll content, gas exchange parameters, and chlorophyll fluorescence were conducted to further assess their tolerance. The results showed that seed germination and embryo root growth were significantly inhibited under 0.15 mol·L-1 compound salt\|alkali stress in most genotypes. Specifically, the germination vigor, germination rate, germination index, fresh weight, and embryo root length decreased by 72.558%, 63.542%, 74.737%, 52.790%, and 17.080%, respectively, compared with the control group treated with distilled water. However, 32 genotypes screened using germination traits showed relatively mild inhibition. At 0.30 mol·L-1 concentration, the inhibitory effects were significantly greater than those observed at 0.15 mol·L-1, with five measured traits showing reductions of 96.247%, 90.909%, 95.389%, 98.097%, and 97.602%, respectively. Through comprehensive evaluation, two compound salt\|tolerant genotypes, ‘De 93-04’ (ID: X170743) and ‘4SA-805’ (ID: X170523), were ultimately identified. Three\|leaf stage evaluations confirmed that these two genotypes maintained larger leaf areas and higher photosynthetic activity than the controls under high\|concentration composite salt stress, indicating their strong tolerance at the seedling stage. |
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