| 孙婷婷,周丽萍,唐江华,卢静静,陈志华,姜涛,汉佳乐,徐文修.株行距配置对覆膜滴灌复播大豆株型结构、光合特性及产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2025,(6):110~119 |
| 株行距配置对覆膜滴灌复播大豆株型结构、光合特性及产量的影响 |
| Effects of plant row spacing on plant structure，photosynthetic characteristics, and yield of replanted soybean under film mulching and drip irrigation |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.06.11 |
| 中文关键词: 复播大豆 株行距配置 株型结构 光合特性 产量 |
| 英文关键词:replanted soybeans plant row spacing configuration plant structure photosynthetic characteristics yield |
| 基金项目:新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项计划项目（2022A02008-2）；国家自然科学基金项目（32360549） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为筛选促进北疆覆膜滴灌复播大豆高产的株行距配置，于2023—2024年设置5种株行距配置（宽行距+窄行距）×株距处理：(50+15+15+15) cm×8.8 cm（T1）、(50+20+20+20) cm×7.6 cm（T2）、(45+15+15+15) cm×9.3 cm（T3）、(45+20+20+20) cm×8 cm（T4）、(40+25+25) cm×7 cm（T5），研究不同株行距配置对复播大豆株型结构、光合特性、产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明：一膜三行的T5处理两年株高、茎粗、主茎节数、平均茎柄夹角均最大，较其余处理分别增加0.75%~7.52%、2.37%~10.51%、2.61%~17.13%、4.34%~16.08%；平均叶柄最小，较其余处理降低1.70%~12.35%，与T3处理无显著差异。一膜四行中的T3处理两年叶绿素含量和叶面积指数均显著大于其他处理，生育期平均值较T2处理分别显著增加5.21%和23.02%；T3处理光合能力最优，与T2处理相比，其盛荚期和鼓粒期Pn、Tr、Gs分别平均显著增加18.85%、16.25%、28.62%，Ci显著降低21.85%。T3处理两年产量均最高，分别为3 718.90、3 876.71 kg·hm-2，较T5处理分别增加7.63%、6.95%，较同年产量最低的T2处理分别增加24.39%、28.17%。综上，北疆覆膜滴灌复播大豆适宜的田间株行距配置为宽行行距45 cm+窄行行距15 cm+株距9.3 cm。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to screen out the row spacing configurations that promote the high yield of replanted soybean under drip irrigation in northern Xinjiang, five different plant row spacing configurations were set up from 2023 to 2024. The plant spacing was (50+15+15+15) cm×8.8 cm (T1), (50+20+20+20) cm×7.6 cm (T2), (45+15+15+15) cm×9.3 cm (T3), (45+20+20+20) cm×8 cm (T4), and (40+25+25) cm×7 cm (T5), respectively. The results showed that the plant height, stem diameter, number of main stem nodes, and average stem angle of the T5 treatment with one film and three rows were the largest in two years, and the increase was 0.75%~7.52%, 2.37%~10.51%, 2.61%~17.13% and 4.34%~16.08%, respectively, compared with the other treatments. The average petiole was the smallest, which was 1.70%~12.35% lower than that of the other treatments, and there was no significant difference from the T3 treatment with four rows of one membrane. The chlorophyll content and leaf area index of the T3 treatment with the smallest row spacing and the largest plant spacing in one film were significantly higher than those of other treatments for two years, and the average growth period was significantly increased by 5.21% and 23.02% compared with the T2 treatment with the largest row spacing and smallest plant spacing, respectively. T3 treatment had the best photosynthetic capacity, and compared with T2 treatment, Pn, Tr, and Gs increased significantly by 18.85%, 16.25%, and 28.62%, respectively, and Ci decreased by 21.85% at the pod stage and bulge stage, respectively. The yields of T3 treatment were the highest in two years, which were 3 718.90 kg·hm-2 and 3 876.71 kg·hm-2, respectively, which were 7.63% and 6.95% higher than those of T5 treatment and 24.39% and 28.17% higher than that of T2 treatment, respectively. In conclusion, the suitable field row spacing of soybean reseeding under mulching drip irrigation in northern Xinjiang was as follows: wide row spacing of 45 cm + narrow row spacing of 15 cm + plant spacing of 9.3 cm. |
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