| 郑健,高奎,郭亚军.疏勒河流域食用向日葵适宜调亏灌溉模式研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2025,(6):150~161 |
| 疏勒河流域食用向日葵适宜调亏灌溉模式研究 |
| Research on suitable regulated deficit irrigation mode for edible sunflower in the Shule River Basin |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.06.15 |
| 中文关键词: 食用向日葵 调亏灌溉 水肥一体化 综合评价 疏勒河流域 |
| 英文关键词:edible sunflower regulated deficit irrigation integrated water\|fertilizer management comprehensive evaluation Shule River Basin |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（52469011）；2024年水利科学试验研究及技术推广计划（甘水建管发\[2024\]78号)(24GSLK052，24GSLK053） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探求调亏灌溉技术在疏勒河流域特色经济作物中应用的适宜性，以食用向日葵为研究对象，开展水肥一体化调亏灌溉试验，在苗期和成熟期设置3个灌溉水平（充分灌溉：80%~85% θf；轻度水分亏缺：70%~75% θf；中度水分亏缺：55%~60% θf；θf为田间持水量），分析食用向日葵生长和产量品质的变化，并采用主成分分析与隶属函数相结合的方法对食用向日葵进行综合评价。结果表明：各处理食用向日葵干物质积累量呈现出“S”型变化规律；随着水分亏缺程度的提高，食用向日葵地上干物质积累量的降幅越明显，适度水分亏缺能促进根系干物质的积累；全生育期内各阶段的水分亏缺均会降低叶面积指数；苗期轻度水分亏缺与充分灌溉和苗期中度水分亏缺相比，能提高产量、灌溉水利用效率和品质；成熟期轻度水分亏缺与全生育充分灌溉相比，产量下降2.6 %，但灌溉水利用效率和粗蛋白含量分别提高0.5%和6.6%；苗期和成熟期轻度水分亏缺处理在产量、灌溉水利用效率和粗蛋白含量方面均优于成熟期中度水分亏缺处理。综合评价表明，苗期和成熟期采用轻度水分亏缺可作为疏勒河流域食用向日葵的适宜调亏灌溉模式。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the suitability of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) technology for characteristic economic crops in the Shule River Basin, an integrated water\|fertilizer RDI experiment was conducted using edible sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) as the subject of study. Three irrigation levels were established during both seedling and maturity stages: full irrigation (80%~85% θf), mild water deficit (70%~75% θf), and moderate water deficit (55%~60% θf), where θf denotes field capacity. The effects of different treatments on the growth, yield, and quality of edible sunflowers were systematically analyzed. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted using a combined approach of principal component analysis and membership function methods. The results showed that dry matter accumulation in edible sunflowers followed a characteristic “S-shaped” growth curve across all treatments. The reduction in aerial dry matter accumulation became more pronounced with increasing water deficit intensity, whereas moderate water deficit significantly enhanced root dry matter accumulation. Leaf area index was consistently reduced by water deficit at all growth stages. Compared to full irrigation (CK) and moderate water deficit during the seedling stage, mild water deficit at the seedling stage improved yield, irrigation water use efficiency, and quality parameters. Mild water deficit at the maturity stage resulted in a 2.6% yield reduction compared to CK but increased irrigation water use efficiency and crude protein content by 0.5% and 6.6%, respectively. The treatment combining mild water deficit at both seedling and maturity stages outperformed moderate water deficit at the maturity stage in terms of yield, irrigation water use efficiency, and crude protein content. Comprehensive evaluation indicated that implementing mild water deficit during both seedling and maturity stages is recommended as the optimal regulated deficit irrigation strategy for edible sunflower cultivation in the Shule River Basin. |
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