| 朱冰,王钰婷,耿诗怡,赵青青.生物炭介导的盐碱土改良对棉花生长调控效应研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2025,(6):206~214 |
| 生物炭介导的盐碱土改良对棉花生长调控效应研究 |
| Regulatory effects of biochar\|mediated saline\|alkali soil improvement on cotton growth |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2025.06.20 |
| 中文关键词: 棉花 生物炭 盐碱土 土壤理化性质 |
| 英文关键词:cotton biochar saline\|alkali soil soil physicochemical property |
| 基金项目:中国农业科学院科技创新工程 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨生物炭对盐碱土壤理化性质和棉花生长的调控效应，设置0%（BC0）、1%（BC1）、3%（BC3）、5%（BC5）四种生物炭添加量，研究不同生物炭添加量对土壤盐分、pH、养分以及盐敏感（SS）和耐盐（ST）型棉花生长的影响。2021—2022年结果表明：生物炭添加对土壤盐分分布具有显著影响，0~20 cm土层盐分显著降低，降幅最高达51.60%，从而导致20~40 cm土层盐分累积；生物炭添加对土壤pH无显著影响，而全氮、有效磷和有效钾含量则随生物炭用量增加而显著增大；生物炭对不同棉花品种间盐碱土理化性质的影响不显著；棉花生长指标随生物炭添加的变化而变化，BC1处理中生物炭在苗期促进株高、茎粗和生物量增长，而BC3和BC5处理中生物炭表现出抑制作用，BC1处理棉花株高、茎粗、生物量较BC3和BC5处理分别增加了4.65%~48.89%、3.29%~42.62%、3.42%~245.82%。综上，生物炭添加量为1%时可有效改良盐碱土并促进棉花生长。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the regulatory effects of biochar on the physicochemical properties of saline\|alkali soil and cotton growth, four biochar application rates were tested: 0% (BC0, control), 1% (BC1), 3% (BC3), and 5% (BC5). Soil salinity, pH, nutrient availability, and growth parameters of salt\|sensitive (SS) and salt\|tolerant (ST) cotton varieties were analyzed under these treatments. Field experiments conducted during 2021-2022 demonstrated that biochar significantly altered soil salinity distribution: salinity in the 0~20 cm layer decreased by up to 51.60%, but accumulated in the 20~40 cm layer. Biochar had no significant impact on soil pH and markedly increased total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium contents in a dose\|dependent manner. Notably, biochar effects on soil properties did not differ significantly between cotton genotypes. Biochar application exerted contrasting effects on cotton growth: BC1 enhanced plant height, stem diameter, and biomass during the seedling stage, whereas BC3 and BC5 exhibited inhibitory effects. Compared to BC3 and BC5, BC1 increased plant height, stem diameter, and biomass by 4.65%~48.89%, 3.29%~42.62%, and 3.42%~245.82%, respectively. These findings highlight that a 1% biochar application rate optimally ameliorates saline\|alkali soil and promotes cotton growth. |
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