| 颉强,张锋伟,宋学锋,曹晓庆,刘东雨,史荣旭.基于动态调控的秸秆揉丝装备设计与性能优化[J].干旱地区农业研究,2026,(1):278~289 |
| 基于动态调控的秸秆揉丝装备设计与性能优化 |
| Design and performance optimization of straw kneading equipment based on dynamic regulation |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.01.28 |
| 中文关键词: 玉米秸秆 揉丝机 三辊喂料机构 参数优化 响应曲面分析 |
| 英文关键词:corn straw silk kneading machine three\|roller feeding mechanism parameter optimization response surface analysis |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（32260432）；甘肃省重点研发专项（21YF5NA092） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 针对小型秸秆揉丝机揉丝质量波动大、易堵塞及其对不同含水率秸秆适应性不足等问题，以玉米秸秆为研究对象，基于模块化设计理念，开发了一款集成出料长度调节系统、三辊协同喂料机构、铡切机构以及可拆卸揉丝机构的秸秆揉丝机。通过设计与参数优化，确定关键部件结构参数以及整机结构布局，同时以生产率和丝化率作为评价指标，开展单因素试验（输送链轮转速、转子转速、秸秆喂入量、秸秆含水率）对揉丝机进行性能评估，确定了各因素的取值范围。进一步以含水率为60%的玉米秸秆为试验样本，实施了以输送链轮转速、转子转速和秸秆喂入量为变量的二次正交旋转组合试验，通过Design-Expert 10.0.1软件对试验结果进行了响应曲面分析、回归分析及目标优化。通过多目标优化求解，确定机器最优参数组合为：输送链轮转速575 r·min-1、转子转速2 511 r·min-1、秸秆喂入量1.38 kg·s-1；试验验证表明，最优参数组合条件下机器生产率为3 348.54 kg·h-1，丝化率稳定在96.08%，且对不同含水率秸秆（30%~70%）均表现出良好的适应性。本研究提出的模块化可调式揉丝机通过出料长度调节系统与三辊喂料机构协同作用，有效解决了秸秆加工过程中易堵塞、质量不稳定等问题，同时显著提升了设备对不同含水率秸秆的适应性，为秸秆饲料化装备的智能调控提供了理论依据与技术参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study aimed at solving the problems of large fluctuations of kneading quality, easy clogging, and insufficient adaptability to straw with different moisture contents in small\|scale straw kneading machines. Taking corn straw as the study object, based on the modular design concept, a straw kneading machine integrating an adjustable discharge length system, a three\|roller collaborative feeding mechanism, a cutting mechanism, and a detachable kneading mechanism was developed. Through design and parameters optimization, the structural parameters of key components and the overall structure layout were determined. Through single\|factor experiments (conveyor sprocket speed, rotor speed, straw feeding amount, and straw moisture content), the performance of the kneading machine was evaluated using productivity and silk rate as evaluation indicators, and the value range of each factor was determined. Further, the corn straw with a moisture content of 60% was used as the test sample, and a quadratic orthogonal rotational combination test was carried out with the conveyor sprocket speed, rotor speed, and straw feeding amount as variables. The experimental results were analyzed by response surface analysis, regression analysis and target optimization using Design\|Expert 10.0.1 software. Through multi\|objective optimization, the optimal parameter combination of the mechanism was determined as: conveyor sprocket speed of 575 r·min-1, rotor speed of 2 511 r·min-1, and straw feeding amount of 1.38 kg·s-1. The test verification under the optimal parameter combination condition showed that the productivity was 3 348.54 kg·h-1, and the silk rate was stable at 96.08%, and it showed good adaptability to straw with different moisture contents (30% to 70%). The modular and adjustable kneading machine proposed in this study effectively solved the problems of easy clogging and unstable quality in the process of straw processing through the coordinated action of the discharge length adjustment system and the three\|roller feeding mechanism, and significantly improved the adaptability of the equipment to straw with different moisture contents, providing a theoretical basis and technical model for the intelligent control of straw forage equipment. |
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