| 郭昱君,郭凤霞,刘媛媛,陈垣,崔林刚,康乐诠,郭志军,郭增升.陇西不同产区蒙古黄芪新品系农艺性状及质量综合评价[J].干旱地区农业研究,2026,(2):15~24 |
| 陇西不同产区蒙古黄芪新品系农艺性状及质量综合评价 |
| Comprehensive evaluation of agronomic traits and quality of new Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus strains from different production areas in Longxi |
| |
| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.02.02 |
| 中文关键词: 蒙古黄芪 新品系 农艺性状 药效成分 综合评价 |
| 英文关键词:Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus new strains agronomic traits pharmacodynamic composition comprehensive evaluation |
| 基金项目:甘肃省道地中药材优势特色产业集群-良种繁育建设项目（2022GSCYJQ07-33）； 2022年现代丝路寒旱农业科技支撑项目-甘肃中药材绿色标准化基地与GAP基地（GSLK-2022-6）；甘肃省科技支撑计划（1204FKCA123）；企业委托项目-中药材当归及黄芪航天育种（2017-2025年)；甘肃省现代农业中药材产业体系首席专家(GARS-ZYC-1);甘肃省教育厅青年博士支持项目(2025QB-020);甘肃省重点研发计划(21YF5NA070) |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 255 |
| 全文下载次数: 31 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为筛选甘肃省各产区适宜的高产优质蒙古黄芪品种，以新选育的2个蒙古黄芪品系‘蒙芪07-22-1’（GQ1）和‘蒙芪07-22-2’（GQ2），以及近似品种‘陇芪2号’（CK1）和农家地方品种‘首阳黄芪’（CK2）为材料，在陇西县3个主产区（巩昌镇、首阳镇和宏伟乡）进行多点成药期比较试验，同时利用遗传多样性分析、方差分析、主成分分析和相关性分析等方法对20个农艺及品质指标进行比较研究。结果表明，在人工杂交创造变异群体的基础上，通过系谱法选育出的新品系GQ1和GQ2的遗传多样性最大，群体内变异系数小，农艺性状表现较稳定。GQ1在3个试验点的平均产量较CK1和CK2分别显著提高15.95%和30.00%，在首阳镇试验点（土壤平均湿度为62.6%）综合评分最高。GQ2的茎和根均最粗壮，在3个试验点平均产量较CK1和CK2分别显著提高44.46%和61.97%，在宏伟乡试验点（土壤平均湿度为54.5%）和巩昌镇试验点（土壤平均湿度为50.0%）综合评分最高，具有稳定的高产特性和较强的非生物抗逆性。此外，参试品种（系）的药效成分均符合《中国药典》标准，GQ1的平均黄芩甲苷含量较CK1和CK2分别提高7.70%和4.10%，GQ2较CK1和CK2分别提高14.69%和10.81%；GQ1的平均毛蕊异黄酮含量较CK1和CK2分别提高37.68%和72.72%，GQ2较CK1和CK2分别提高36.23%和70.91%。综上， ‘蒙芪07-22-2’在相对干旱的环境综合得分最高，适配陇西干旱产区的规模化种植；‘蒙芪07-22-1’在土壤湿度相对较高的环境综合得分最高，可满足湿润产区的优质种植需求，建议引种时根据气候和土壤条件定向选择，在陇西及相似生态区推广种植。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To select high\|yielding, high\|quality Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus cultivars suitable for various production areas in Gansu Province, the newly bred varieties ‘Mengqi 07-22-1’ (GQ1) and ‘Mengqi 07-22-2’ (GQ2), the similar cultivar ‘Longqi 2’ (CK1), and the local farmer variety ‘Shouyang huangqi’ (CK2) were used as materials. A multi\|site comparative trial during the drug\|producing period was conducted in three major production areas of Longxi County (Gongchang Town, Shouyang Town, and Hongwei Township). A comparative study of 20 agronomic and quality trait indicators was conducted using genetic diversity analysis, analysis of variance, principal component analysis, and correlation analysis. The results showed that, based on artificially hybridized populations created to generate variation, the newly bred lines GQ1 and GQ2 selected through pedigree breeding exhibited the highest genetic diversity, low coefficient of variation within populations, and relatively stable agronomic trait expression. GQ1 demonstrated a significantly higher average yield than CK1 and CK2 by 15.95% and 30.00%, respectively, across three trial sites. It achieved the highest overall score under average soil moisture conditions of 62.6% (Shouyang Town site). GQ2 exhibited the most robust stems and roots, with average yield at three trial sites significantly higher than CK1 and CK2 by 44.46% and 61.97%, respectively. It achieved the highest composite scores under average soil moisture levels of 54.5% (Hongwei Township site) and 50.0% (Gongchang Town site), demonstrating stable high\|yield characteristics and strong abiotic stress tolerance. Additionally, the Pharmacodynamic compositions of all tested varieties (lines) met the standards set forth in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The average astragaloside content in GQ1 was 7.70% and 4.10% higher than that in CK1 and CK2, respectively. The average astragaloside content in GQ2 was 14.69% and 10.81% higher than that in CK1 and CK2. The average tricholoma isoflavone content in GQ1 was 37.68% and 72.72% higher than that in CK1 and CK2. In GQ2, the content was 36.23% and 70.91% higher than that in CK1 and CK2. In summary, ‘Mengqi 07-22-2’ demonstrates the highest overall score in relatively arid environments and is well\|suited for large\|scale cultivation in the arid production areas of Longxi. ‘Mengqi 07-22-1’ achieved the highest overall score in environments with relatively high soil moisture, meeting the premium quality planting demands of humid production areas. It is recommended to select varieties based on climate and soil conditions during introduction, and to promote cultivation in Longxi and similar ecological zones. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| | |