| 王成,仝胜利,郭浩杰,于金辰,王金月,丁鸿飞,孟超敏.干旱区谷子品种经EMS诱变后农艺性状及籽粒品质变异分析[J].干旱地区农业研究,2026,(2):37~44 |
| 干旱区谷子品种经EMS诱变后农艺性状及籽粒品质变异分析 |
| Analysis of agronomic trait and grain quality trait variation in aird\|region foxtail millet after EMS mutagenesis |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.02.04 |
| 中文关键词: 谷子 EMS诱变 突变体库 抗旱性 表型变异 |
| 英文关键词:foxtail millet EMS mutagenesis mutant library drought resistance phenotypic variation |
| 基金项目:河南省科技攻关项目（242102110287）；河南省产业科技特派员项目（2018HNCYTPY01）；河南省旱地绿色智慧农业特色骨干学科群建设项目（17100001） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 针对我国干旱半干旱地区谷子遗传多样性匮乏造成抗旱育种瓶颈的问题，以‘豫谷18’、‘济糯米2号’、‘金谷5号’、‘济谷11’4个主栽品种为材料，分别以0、02%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%、1.0% EMS（v/v）梯度溶液进行诱变浸种处理，系统分析品种M1代农艺性状、籽粒营养品质、成苗情况及单株表型性状变异。通过试验，构建了包含620份突变体的种质库，确立1% EMS浓度为谷子高效诱变浓度，各品种M1代突变体数量为127~220份，平均突变率18.5%。抗旱相关性状变异显著，株高变异率15.52%~29.74%（矮秆占比65%），分蘖变异率7.66%~23.28%，早熟株变异率3.83%~18.34%。品质性状中，获得如‘豫谷18’粗脂肪含量提升85.40%，‘金谷5号’粗蛋白增加1.39%等变异材料。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To address the bottleneck of drought\|resistant breeding caused by the lack of genetic diversity of foxtail millet in arid and semi\|arid areas of China, four main cultivars, including ‘Yugu 18’， ‘Jinuomi 2’, ‘Jingu 5’, ‘Jigu 11’, were used as materials. These were treated with EMS (ethane methyl sulfonate) solutions at gradients of 0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, and 1.0% (v/v) for seed mutagenesis. The study systematically analyzed the agronomic traits of the M1 generation, grain nutritional quality, seedling emergence rates, and phenotypic variations in individual plants. Through the experiment, a germplasm bank containing 620 mutants was established, confirming a 1% EMS concentration as the optimal mutagenesis level for millet. The number of M1 generation mutants for each variety ranged from 127 to 220, with an average mutation rate of 18.5%. Significant variations were observaed in drought\|related traits: plant height variation rates ranged from 15.52% to 29.74% (with 65% of dwarf stalks), 7.66% to 23.28% of tillering traits, and 3.83% to 18.34% of early\|maturing plants. In terms of quality traits, materials were obtained with notable improvements, such as an 85.40% increase in crude fat content in ‘Yugu 18’ and a 1.39% rise in crude protein in ‘Jingu 5’. |
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