| 俞芷若,丁平,吴晨涛,王春霞.膜下滴灌减氮棉田土壤水氮迁移过程模拟[J].干旱地区农业研究,2026,(2):65~78 |
| 膜下滴灌减氮棉田土壤水氮迁移过程模拟 |
| Simulation of water and nitrogen transport processes in cotton fields under mulch drip irrigation with reduced nitrogen application |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.02.07 |
| 中文关键词: 棉田 减氮 膜下滴灌 水氮迁移 模拟 |
| 英文关键词:cotton field nitrogen reduction drip irrigation under mulch water\|nitrogen migration simulation |
| 基金项目:新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项（2024A03006-5）；国家自然科学基金（52369012） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 通过设置正常施氮(100%N)、减氮10%(90%N)、减氮20%(80%N)和减氮30%(70%N)4种滴灌施氮微区试验，通过定位监测滴头下方(灌溉核心区)、棉行下方(根系密集区)和宽行下方(根系稀疏区)土壤水分与NO-3-N指标，结合HYDRUS-2D模型分析滴灌减氮棉田土壤水氮运移过程。结果表明：HYDRUS-2D模型能够较好地模拟土壤水分和NO-3-N含量：拟合度R2水=0.31~0.98、R2氮=0.44~0.99；相对误差REMAE=6.00%~20.00%、RERMSE=6.50%~23.33%。HYDRUS-2D模型模拟土壤水氮迁移过程表现为滴灌条件下土壤含水率呈现显著空间异质性，滴头区水分补给充足，棉行区受根系吸水调控明显，宽行区则持续水分不足；土壤NO-3-N主要富集在0~30 cm土层，峰值呈现为滴头下方(63.00 mg·kg-1)＞宽行下方(68.42 mg·kg-1)＞棉行下方(63.4 mg·kg-1)的空间分布格局，且各区域土壤NO-3-N峰值随减氮比例增加呈梯度下降。土壤剖面NO-3-N实测值和模拟值均表现为减氮20%处理的氮素调控效果最佳，较正常施氮减少20.2%~22.7%，可有效减少淋溶且未对棉花生长造成负面影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Through a drip irrigation micro\|plot experiment with four nitrogen application rates: normal nitrogen (100%N), 10% reduction (90%N), 20% reduction (80%N), and 30% reduction (70%N), this study monitored soil moisture and NO-3-N levels at key locations: below the dripper (irrigation core zone), below the cotton row (root\|dense zone), and below the wide row (root\|sparse zone). The HYDRUS-2D model was used to analyze the transport processes of water and nitrogen under reduced nitrogen drip irrigation in cotton fields. The results showed that the HYDRUS-2D model effectively simulated soil moisture and NO-3-N dynamics, with coefficients of determination R2 of water ranging from 0.31 to 0.98, and R2 of nitrogen ranging from 0.44 to 0.99, relative error of the mean absolute error (REMAE) varying between 6.00% and 20.00%, and relative root mean square error (RERMSE) varying between 6.50% and 23.33%. The simulation revealed significant spatial heterogeneity in soil moisture under drip irrigation: sufficient water replenishment occurred in the dripper zone, soil moisture in the cotton row zone was strongly influenced by root water uptake, and the wide row zone experienced persistent water deficit. Soil NO-3-N was primarily accumulated in the 0-30 cm soil layer, with peak concentrations following the spatial pattern: below the dripper (63.00 mg·kg-1) < below the wide row (68.42 mg·kg-1) < below the cotton row (63.4 mg·kg-1). The peak NO-3-N values in each zone decreased gradiently as nitrogen reduction increased. Both measured and simulated values of soil NO-3-N indicated that the 20% nitrogen reduction treatment achieved the best nitrogen regulation effect, reducing NO-3-N by 20.2%-22.7% compared to normal nitrogen application. This effectively minimized leaching without negatively affecting cotton growth. |
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