| 张中华,牛文全.滴灌系统叠片过滤器的失效机理及预防控制方法[J].干旱地区农业研究,2026,(2):94~103 |
| 滴灌系统叠片过滤器的失效机理及预防控制方法 |
| Failure mechanisms and preventive control methods for disc filters in drip irrigation systems |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.02.09 |
| 中文关键词: 叠片过滤器 滴灌系统 失效机理 失效标准 预防措施 |
| 英文关键词:disc filter drip irrigation systems failure mechanisms failure criteria preventive measure |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（52379048） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 164 |
| 全文下载次数: 9 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为解决滴灌系统叠片过滤器运行中易出现滤后水质恶化、过流能力衰减、局部水头损失异常升高与运行周期缩短等问题，以滴灌二级过滤常用叠片过滤器为对象，以机理分析和台架试验验证相结合，厘清失效概念与类型，提出可操作的判定指标与阈值，并构建预防控制技术体系。结果表明：叠片过滤器失效可分为可逆失效与不可逆失效两类；滤后水质、过流能力、局部水头损失与有效运行时间可作为4类关键判定指标，建议以过滤后悬浮颗粒含量与最大粒径为水质阈值，以实际流量偏离额定值10%为过流能力阈值，以局部水头损失达到60 kPa或升至初始值约1.95倍为水力阈值，以有效运行时间≤30 min或低于初始有效运行时间的75%为寿命阈值。文献与试验对比分析表明，优化流道结构、改进叠片材料与成型工艺、合理配置多级过滤与反冲洗策略、并引入在线监测与自检保护，可使有效运行时长提高0.54~6.58倍，水头损失增长速率最高降低96.56%。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To address issues such as deterioration of water quality post\|filtration, attenuation offlow capacity, abnormal increase of local head loss, and shortening of operation cycle in the operation of laminated disc filters in drip irrigation systems, the commonly used laminated filter in secondary filtration of drip irrigation was taken as the object. By combining mechanistic analysis and bench test verification,the concept and type of failure were clarified.The operable judgment index and threshold were put forward, and a preventive control technology system was established. The results showed that disc filter failures fall into two categories: reversible and irreversible. Four key assessment indicators were identified: post\|filtration water quality, flow capacity, local head loss, and effective operational duration. It was recommended to use the suspended solids content and maximum particle sizepost\|filtration as the water quality threshold, the actual flow deviation from the rated value of 10% as the flow capacity threshold, the local head loss reaching 60 kPa or rising to approximately 1.95 times the initial value as the hydraulic threshold, and the effective operating time≤30 minutes or below 75% of the initial effective operating time as the lifespan threshold. Comparative analysis of literature and experimental data indicated that optimizing flow channel structure, improving disc material and forming processes, rationally configuring multi\|stage filtration and backwashing strategies, and incorporating online monitoring with self\|diagnostic protection can increase effective operating time by 0.54 to 6.58 times and reduce head loss growth rate by up to 96.56%. |
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