| 胥雅馨,薛丽华,王聪,郜全同,章建新.追氮后移对膜下滴灌春大豆氮素吸收利用及产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2026,(2):127~134 |
| 追氮后移对膜下滴灌春大豆氮素吸收利用及产量的影响 |
| Effects of postponed nitrogen topdressing on nitrogen uptake, utilization, and yield of spring soybean under mulched drip irrigation |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.02.12 |
| 中文关键词: 春大豆 追氮后移 结瘤固氮 氮素利用效率 产量 |
| 英文关键词:spring soybean postponed nitrogen topdressing nodule fixation of nitrogen nitrogen use efficiency yield |
| 基金项目:新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2022A02008) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了探究追氮后移对大豆肥料氮、共生固氮和氮素积累总量及产量的影响规律，于2022年和2023年采用裂区试验设计，设置0 kg·hm-2（N0）、始花期施氮120 kg·hm-2（R1N120）、始荚期施氮120 kg·hm-2（R3N120）3个施氮处理为主区，‘新大豆27号’和‘新农豆2号’两个大豆品种为副区，研究了追氮后移对大豆根瘤数目、根瘤干质量、固氮酶活性、豆血红蛋白含量，植株氮素积累量和产量的影响规律。结果表明：与R1N120相比，R3N120显著增加根瘤数、根瘤干质量（P＜0.05）；显著增加根瘤固氮酶活性、豆血红蛋白含量，各处理表现为N0＞R3N120＞R1N120。与R1N120相比，R3N120显著增加总氮积累量、共生固氮量、肥料氮吸收量和氮素农学利用效率（NUE），‘新大豆27号’和‘新农豆2号’总氮积累量分别增加8.98%和8.96%（P＜0.05）；共生固氮量分别增加7.65%和12.87%（P＜0.05）；肥料氮吸收量分别增加42.39%和26.23%（P＜0.05）。‘新大豆27号’和‘新农豆2号’R3N120处理平均产量分别达3 921.60 kg·hm-2和4 161.92 kg·hm-2，较R1N120分别增加7.42%和9.34%（P＜0.05）。综上，追氮时期由R1期后移至R3期显著增加大豆产量的原因是追氮后移增加了根瘤数和根瘤干质量，从而使大豆植株根瘤共生固氮量和氮素积累总量相应提升。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to explore the effects of postponed nitrogen topdressing on the amounts of fertilizer nitrogen, symbiotic nitrogen fixation, total nitrogen accumulation, and yield of soybeans, a split\|plot experiment design was conducted in 2022 and 2023. Three nitrogen topdressing treatments, namely 0 kg·hm-2 (N0), nitrogen topdressing of 120 kg·hm-2 at the initial flowering stage (R1N120), and nitrogen topdressing of 120 kg·hm-2 at the initial podding stage (R3N120), were set as the main plots, and two soybean varieties, ‘Xindadou 27’ and ‘Xinnongdou 2’, as the sub\|plots. The effects of postponed nitrogen topdressing on the number of root nodules, dry mass of root nodules, nitrogenase activity, leghemoglobin content, nitrogen accumulation amount, and yield were studied. The results showed that compared with R1N120, R3N120 significantly increased the number of root nodules and the dry mass of root nodules (P<0.05); it significantly increased the nitrogenase activity of root nodules and the leghemoglobin content, and the performance of each treatment was N0>R3N120>R1N120. Compared with R1N120, R3N120 significantly increased the total nitrogen accumulation amount, symbiotic nitrogen fixation amount, fertilizer nitrogen uptake amount, and agronomic nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). The total nitrogen accumulation amounts of ‘Xindadou 2’ and ‘Xinnongdou 2’ increased by 8.98% and 8.96%, respectively (P<0.05). The symbiotic nitrogen fixation amounts increased by 7.65% and 12.87%, respectively (P<0.05), and the fertilizer nitrogen uptake amounts increased by 42.39% and 26.23%, respectively (P<0.05). The average yields of ‘Xindadou 27’ and ‘Xinnongdou 2’ under the R3N120 treatment reached 3 921.60 kg·hm-2 and 4 161.92 kg·hm-2, respectively, which were 7.42% and 9.34% higher than those of R1N120, respectively (P<0.05). In conclusion, the postponed nitrogen topdressing period from the R1 stage to the R3 stage significantly increased the soybean yield by increasing nodule number and dry mass, thereby enhancing symbiotic nitrogen fixation and total nitrogen accumulation in soybean plants. |
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