改良剂和耐盐植物对河西灌区盐碱地肥力提升效应研究

范鑫; 剡斌; 高玉红; 郭丽琢; 卢培娜; 姜雪; 李晓瑾; 王瑞珺; 陈震

范鑫,剡斌,高玉红,郭丽琢,卢培娜,姜雪,李晓瑾,王瑞珺,陈震.改良剂和耐盐植物对河西灌区盐碱地肥力提升效应研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2026,(2):265~276

改良剂和耐盐植物对河西灌区盐碱地肥力提升效应研究

Study on the fertility improvement effects of amendments and salt\|tolerant plants in saline\|alkaline land of the Hexi Corridor Irrigation District

DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.02.26

中文关键词: 盐碱地土壤改良剂燕麦盐生草土壤养分河西灌区

英文关键词:saline\|alkali land soil amendment Avena sativa L. Halogeton glomeratus soil nutrients Hexi Corridor Irrigation District

基金项目:甘肃省科技重大专项子课题(21ZD4NA023-02,23ZDNA008); 甘肃农业大学伏羲杰出人才培育计划项目(Gaufx-02J05)

作者	单位
范鑫	甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州 730070；甘肃省干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州 730070
剡斌	甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州 730070；甘肃省干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州 730070
高玉红	甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州 730070；甘肃省干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州 730070
郭丽琢	甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州 730070；甘肃省干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州 730070
卢培娜	甘肃省干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州 730070
姜雪	甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州 730070；甘肃省干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州 730070
李晓瑾	甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州 730070；甘肃省干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州 730070
王瑞珺	甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州 730070；甘肃省干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州 730070
陈震	甘肃亚盛实业(集团)股份有限公司,甘肃兰州 730070

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中文摘要:

2023年4—10月基于田间二因素裂区试验设计，比较了单施有机肥（T1）、粉煤灰（T2）、生物炭（T3）、糠醛渣（T4）、蚯蚓粪（T5）、腐殖酸（T6）以及混施粉煤灰与有机肥（T7）、粉煤灰与糠醛渣（T8）、生物炭与糠醛渣（T9）、蚯蚓粪与腐殖酸（T10）、生物炭与腐殖酸（T11）对盐碱地种植燕麦和盐生草土壤氮磷钾养分状况的影响。结果表明：T1处理盐生草田土壤pH值较对照（CK）显著降低了3.84%。T2、T4、T11处理燕麦田电导率（EC）较对照显著降低35.59%~46.71%，T2、T3、T4、T8处理盐生草田EC较对照显著降低24.64%~35.78%。在盐生草田T5、T9处理较对照有机质含量显著增加10.57%和21.57%；T1、T2、T7、T10处理较对照速效磷含量显著增加34.23%~56.15%；T1处理速效钾含量较对照显著增加35.83%；T1、T2、T3、T7、T10处理铵态氮含量较对照显著增加8.48%~23.03%。燕麦田T6和T10处理速效钾含量较对照显著增加30.88%和19.12%；除T3、T5、T6处理外，其他处理土壤铵态氮含量较对照均显著增加，增幅为19.66%~25.52%；T2、T5、T7、T8处理硝态氮含量较对照显著增加14.13%~39.13%。综上可见，种植燕麦配合单施或混施土壤改良剂，以及种植盐生草配合单施土壤改良剂均可以增加盐碱地速效养分，改善盐碱地土壤肥力状况，提升其生产力水平。

英文摘要:

From April to October 2023, a field experiment based on a two\|factor split\|plot design was carried out. The effects of the single application of organic fertilizer (T1), fly ash (T2), biochar (T3), furfural residue (T4), vermicompost (T5), humic acid (T6), and mixed applications of fly ash and organic fertilizer (T7), fly ash and furfural residue (T8), biochar and furfural residue (T9), vermicompost and humic acid (T10), and biochar and humic acid (T11) on the soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient status of saline\|alkali land planted with oats and Halogeton glomeratus were compared. The results showed that the soil pH value of the halophyte field in the T1 treatment was significantly reduced by 3.84% compared with the control (CK). The conductivity (EC) of the oat fields in the T2, T4, and T11 treatments were significantly reduced by 35.59% to 46.71% compared with the CK treatment, and the EC of the Halogeton glomeratus fields in the T2, T3, T4, and T8 treat\|ments were significantly reduced by 24.64% to 35.78% compared with the CK treatment. In the Halogeton glomeratus fields, the organic matter content in the T5 and T9 treatments was significantly increased by 10.57% and 21.57% compared with the control, respectively; the available phosphorus content in the T1, T2, T7, and T10 treatments was significantly increased by 34.23% to 56.15% compared with the control; the available potassium content in the T1 treatment was significantly increased by 35.83% compared with the control; and the ammonium nitrogen content in the T1, T2, T3, T7, and T10 treatments was significantly increased by 8.48% to 23.03% compared with the control. In the oat fields, the available potassium content in the T6 and T10 treatments was significantly increased by 30.88% and 19.12% compared with the control, respectively; except for the T3, T5, and T6 treatments, the ammonium nitrogen content in the soil of other treatments was significantly increased by 19.66% to 25.52% compared with the control; and the nitrate nitrogen content in the T2, T5, T7, and T8 treatments was significantly increased by 14.13% to 39.13% compared with the control. In conclusion, the cultivation of oats combined with single or mixed application of soil amendments and the cultivation of Halogeton glomeratus combined with single application of soil amendments can increase the available nutrients in saline\|alkali soil, improve the fertility status of saline\|alkali soil, and enhance its productivity level.

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