| 李娜,张磊,徐青,尚艳,李阳,姜琳琳,王静.贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄霜冻指标研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2026,(2):277~285 |
| 贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄霜冻指标研究 |
| Study on frost index for wine grapes in the eastern foothills of Helan Mountain |
| |
| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.02.27 |
| 中文关键词: 酿酒葡萄 低温阈值 抗寒性能 霜冻预报 贺兰山东麓 |
| 英文关键词:wine grapes low\|temperature threshold cold resistance performance frost forecast eastern foothills of Helan Mountain |
| 基金项目:宁夏回族自治区自然科学基金（2024AAC03415，2022AAC02074) |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 李娜 | 中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室, 宁夏 银川 750002；宁夏气象防灾减灾重点实验室, 宁夏 银川 750002；宁夏气象科学研究所, 宁夏 银川 750002 | | 张磊 | 中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室, 宁夏 银川 750002；宁夏气象防灾减灾重点实验室, 宁夏 银川 750002；宁夏气象科学研究所, 宁夏 银川 750002 | | 徐青 | 中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室, 宁夏 银川 750002；宁夏气象防灾减灾重点实验室, 宁夏 银川 750002；宁夏气象科学研究所, 宁夏 银川 750002 | | 尚艳 | 中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室, 宁夏 银川 750002；宁夏气象防灾减灾重点实验室, 宁夏 银川 750002 | | 李阳 | 中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室, 宁夏 银川 750002；宁夏气象防灾减灾重点实验室, 宁夏 银川 750002；宁夏气象科学研究所, 宁夏 银川 750002 | | 姜琳琳 | 中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室, 宁夏 银川 750002；宁夏气象防灾减灾重点实验室, 宁夏 银川 750002；宁夏气象科学研究所, 宁夏 银川 750002 | | 王静 | 中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室, 宁夏 银川 750002；宁夏气象防灾减灾重点实验室, 宁夏 银川 750002；宁夏气象科学研究所, 宁夏 银川 750002 |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 150 |
| 全文下载次数: 10 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为了明确贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄主栽品种‘霞多丽’、‘黑比诺’、‘美乐’及‘马瑟兰’绒球期和开放期的冬芽、新梢及花序等器官遭受霜冻的临界温度，完善贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄霜冻指标体系，通过室内霜冻模拟试验，测定不同温度下各品种绒球期和开放期的冬芽、新梢和花序等器官的受冻率，从而确定其遭受不同程度霜冻的低温阈值并通过历史资料进行验证。结果显示：随着温度的降低，所有器官受冻率均由低于30%增加至90%以上。当温度达到-2℃上下时，4个品种绒球期和开放期的冬芽以及‘黑比诺’、‘美乐’和‘马瑟兰’的新梢开始受冻，‘霞多丽’的新梢以及各品种花序受冻临界温度分别为-1.6℃和-1℃，表明随着发育进程的推进，各品种对霜冻的耐受能力逐渐减弱。抗寒能力表现为冬芽（绒球期）>冬芽（开放期）>新梢>花序；‘黑比诺’绒球期的冬芽抗寒性优于另外3个品种；对于开放期的冬芽、新梢和花序而言，‘马瑟兰’抗寒性最好，其次是‘黑比诺’。抗霜冻能力的整体表现为‘马瑟兰’>‘黑比诺’>‘美乐’>‘霞多丽’。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study was carried out to ascertain the critical temperature thresholds for frost damage to the winter buds during the bud\|burst stage and opening stage， as well as the new shoots and inflorescences of the main wine grape cultivars ‘Chardonnay’， ‘Pinot noir’， ‘Merlot’， and ‘Marselan’, which were grown in the eastern foothills of Helan Mountain， and to refine the frost index system for wine grapes in this region. Through a laboratory frost simulation experiment， the freezing rates of winter buds， new shoots， and inflorescences of each variety at different temperatures during the pompon\|like period and the opening period were determined so as to determine the low temperature threshold of varying degrees of frost and verified through historical data. The results showed that as the temperature decreased， the freezing rate of all organs increased from less than 30% to over 90%. When the temperature was around -2℃， the winter buds of the four varieties， as well as the new shoots of ‘Pinot Noir’， ‘Merlot’， and ‘Marselan’began to be frozen. The critical temperatures for the new shoots of ‘Chardonnay’ and the inflorescences of each variety to be frozen were -1.6℃and -1℃， meaning as the development process progressed， the tolerance of each variety to frost gradually weakened. Their cold resistance was manifested as follows:Winter buds(pompon\|like stage)>Winter buds(opening stage)>new shoots>inflorescences.The winter buds of ‘Pinot Noir’during the ball stage had better cold resistance than the other three varieties. For winter buds during the opening stage， new shoots， and inflorescences， ‘Marselan’had the best cold resistance， followed by ‘Pinot Noir’. Respectively，the overall expression of frost resistance was ‘Marselan’>‘Pinot Noir’>‘Merlot’>‘Chardonnay’. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| | |