| 高中浩,王昕,张昭敏,张小娟.172份青海省小麦籽粒性状GWAS分析[J].干旱地区农业研究,2026,(3):1~11 |
| 172份青海省小麦籽粒性状GWAS分析 |
| GWAS analysis of 172 wheat grain traits in Qinghai Province |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.03.01 |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 籽粒性状 全基因组关联分析 候选基因 多效应位点 遗传多样性 |
| 英文关键词:wheat grain trait GWAS analysis candidate gene multiple effect loci genetic diversity |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为解析青海小麦籽粒性状的遗传基础、挖掘小麦籽粒性状相关基因，以172份青海小麦品种为材料，基于3年6个环境的田间表型数据，利用120K SNP芯片进行基因分型，并结合籽粒性状开展全基因组关联分析，筛选显著关联位点，挖掘潜在新的优异位点，为青海省高产小麦品种培育提供材料和理论依据。结果显示：质控后共获得97 373个高质量SNP位点，在21条染色体组上呈均匀分布，总体密度表现为B基因组＞A基因组＞D基因组；全基因组多态信息含量为0.3067，连锁不平衡衰减距离为3.38 Mb，172份供试材料可划分为8个亚群。全基因组关联分析在6个环境下共检测到183个籽粒性状显著性关联位点，包含21个多环境稳定位点与6个同时调控籽粒长宽比和圆度的多效应位点，其中仅1个QTL与前人报道位置相近，其余均为新发现的位点。进一步分析共预测到9个与小麦籽粒性状相关的候选基因，参与小麦的生长发育、逆境响应、细胞生长与细胞壁合成、抗逆与稳产协同等过程。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To dissect the genetic basis of grain traits in Qinghai wheat and explore the genes related to wheat grain traits, 172 Qinghai wheat varieties were used as materials. Based on the field phenotypic data from 6 environments over 3 years, genotyping was conducted using 120K SNP chip data, and a genome\|wide association study (GWAS) was carried out in combination with grain traits to screen significant associated loci and discover potential new superior loci so as to provide materials and a theoretical basis for the breeding of high\|yield wheat varieties in Qinghai Province. The results showed that 97 373 high\|quality SNP loci were evenly distributed on 21 chromosome groups after quality control, with a total density of B genome > A genome > D genome; the total polymorphism information content of the genome was 0.3067, the attenuation distance of linkage disequilibrium at the genome level was 3.38 Mb, and the 172 tested wheat samples were divided into 8 subgroups. The GWAS analysis found that a total of 183 significant loci were located in these 6 environments, including 21 stable loci that could be detected in at least two environments and 6 multi\|effect loci simultaneously regulating grain length\|to\|width ratio and grain roundness; among them, only one QTL was located near the previously reported position, and the rest were newly discovered loci. Further analysis predicted a total of 9 candidate genes related to wheat grain traits, which were involved in the growth and development of wheat, stress response, cell growth and cell wall synthesis, and the coordination of stress resisitance and stable yield. |
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