| 刘芮怡,王小敏,吉艳芝,李津津,韩雨格,郭艳杰.盐胁迫下不同旱碱麦品种幼苗耐盐生长生理特性及氮素累积特征[J].干旱地区农业研究,2026,(3):23~36 |
| 盐胁迫下不同旱碱麦品种幼苗耐盐生长生理特性及氮素累积特征 |
| Physiological characteristics of salt tolerance and nitrogen accumulation in seedlings of different drought\|tolerant and alkali\|tolerant wheat varieties under salt stress |
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| DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.03.03 |
| 中文关键词: 旱碱麦 耐盐性 生理特性 氮素累积 盐胁迫 |
| 英文关键词:drought\|tolerant and alkali\|tolerant wheat varieties salt tolerance physiological characteristics nitrogen accumulation salt stress |
| 基金项目:河北省省级科技计划(24466301D) |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 刘芮怡 | 华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室,河北 保定 071001; 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北 保定 071001;河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北 保定 071001 | | 王小敏 | 华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室,河北 保定 071001; 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北 保定 071001;河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北 保定 071001 | | 吉艳芝 | 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北 保定 071001;河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北 保定 071001 | | 李津津 | 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北 保定 071001;河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北 保定 071001 | | 韩雨格 | 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北 保定 071001;河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北 保定 071001 | | 郭艳杰 | 华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室,河北 保定 071001; 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北 保定 071001;河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北 保定 071001 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 选择已在盐碱地推广应用的6个旱碱麦品种(‘沧麦15’、‘沧麦12’、‘捷麦19’、‘沧麦6002’、‘邯农1412’、‘河农9204’)为试验材料,设置0、40、80、120 mmol·L-1 NaCl开展水培试验,模拟非盐渍及轻、中、重度盐胁迫环境,结合统一供氮水平(5 mmol·L-1尿素),系统分析盐胁迫下不同旱碱麦品种的生理响应及氮素累积特征。结果表明:随着盐胁迫水平的升高,各品种小麦的生理响应存在明显差异:‘沧麦12’在40 mmol·L-1盐胁迫下的发芽势较CK(0 mmol·L-1 NaCl处理)显著增加19.15%,根长在40 mmol·L-1和80 mmol·L-1盐胁迫下较CK分别显著增加88.87%和29.13%,鲜重较CK提升15.38%(P<0.05);‘沧麦15’在40 mmol·L-1盐胁迫下的株高较CK增加3.58%。各品种小麦对盐胁迫的生理响应阈值不同:‘沧麦15’在各盐胁迫梯度下的SPAD值较CK提升4.85%~9.71%,在40 mmol·L-1盐胁迫下地上部K+/Na+显著高于其他品种;‘沧麦12’在80 mmol·L-1和120 mmol·L-1盐胁迫下地上部K+/Na+显著高于其他品种;‘河农9204’在40 mmol·L-1盐胁迫下根部K+/Na+显著高于其他品种(P<0.05)。植物渗透调节方面,‘沧麦12’在40 mmol·L-1盐胁迫下的游离脯氨酸含量是CK的2.14倍,而‘邯农1412’在80 mmol·L-1和120 mmol·L-1盐胁迫下分别是CK的12.00和28.77倍。尽管盐胁迫会抑制氮素吸收,但‘沧麦15’和‘沧麦12’在40 mmol·L-1盐胁迫下的氮素高效利用能力均较强,与CK相比分别显著提升13.59%和9.29%(P<0.05)。综合评价可知,6个旱碱麦品种的耐盐性及氮素利用能力表现为‘沧麦12’>‘沧麦15’>‘沧麦6002’>‘河农9204’>‘邯农1412’>‘捷麦19’。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Six drought\|tolerant and alkali\|tolerant wheat varieties widely applied in saline farmlands (‘Cangmai 15’, ‘Cangmai 12’, ‘Jiemai 19’, ‘Cangmai 6002’, ‘Hannong 1412’, and ‘Henong 9204’) were evaluated under hydroponic conditions. Four salinity levels (0, 40, 80, and 120 mmol·L-1 NaCl) were used to simulate non\|saline, mild, moderate, and severe salt stress environments, with a consistent nitrogen supply (5 mmol·L-1 urea), to systematically analyze the physiological responses and nitrogen accumulation characteristics of different cultivars under salt stress. The results showed that the physiological responses of different wheat cultivars were significantly different with the increase of salt stress level. Under 40 mmol·L-1 NaCl, the germination vigor of ‘Cangmai 12’ increased significantly by 19.15% compared to CK (0 mmol·L-1 NaCl treatment). Its root length increased significantly by 88.87% and 29.13% under 40 mmol·L-1 and 80 mmol·L-1 salt stress, respectively, with fresh weight increased by 15.38% (P<0.05). Plant height of ‘Cangmai 15’ increased by 3.58% under 40 mmol·L-1 NaCl. Cultivars also exhibited distinct physiological thresholds to salinity. The SPAD values of ‘Cangmai 15’ increased by 4.85%-9.71% across all salt levels, and its shoot K+/Na+ ratio was significantly higher than that of the other cultivars under 40 mmol·L-1 NaCl. ‘Cangmai 12’ exhibited higher shoot K+/Na+ ratios than the other cultivars under 80 and 120 mmol·L-1 NaCl. In contrast, ‘Henong 9204’ had the highest root K+/Na+ ratio under 40 mmol·L-1 NaCl. In terms of plant osmotic regulation, under 40 mmol·L-1 salt stress, the free proline content of ‘Cangmai 12’ was 2.14 times that of the CK, while under 80 mmol·L-1 and 120 mmol·L-1 salt stress, the free proline content of ‘Hannong 1412’ was 12.00 times and 28.77 times that of CK, respectively. Although nitrogen uptake was suppressed under salt stress, both ‘Cangmai 15’ and ‘Cangmai 12’ exhibited significantly higher nitrogen use efficiency under 40 mmol·L-1 NaCl salt stress, showing significant increases of 13.59% and 9.29% compared to CK, respectively (P<0.05). Overall, the salt tolerance and nitrogen use efficiency of the six drought\|tolerant and alkali\|tolerant wheat varieties ranked as follows: ‘Cangmai 12’>‘Cangmai 15’>‘Cangmai 6002’>‘Henong 9204’>‘Hannong 1412’>‘Jiemai 19’. |
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