计生辰,侯轩慧,李建设,赵霞,王文涛,王永强,刘震,徐浩,叶林.不同种植方式对甘蓝生长发育、产量和品质的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2026,(3):98~109
不同种植方式对甘蓝生长发育、产量和品质的影响
Effects of different tillage methods on the growth, development, yield, and quality of cabbage
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.03.10
中文关键词:  甘蓝  种植方式  生长  产量  品质
英文关键词:cabbage  planting method  growth  yield  quality
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFD1600300）
作者单位
计生辰 宁夏大学葡萄酒与园艺学院,宁夏 银川 750021 
侯轩慧 宁夏大学葡萄酒与园艺学院,宁夏 银川 750021 
李建设 宁夏大学葡萄酒与园艺学院,宁夏 银川 750021 
赵霞 宁夏大学葡萄酒与园艺学院,宁夏 银川 750021 
王文涛 西安水发神农集团有限公司,陕西 西安 710000 
王永强 水发浩海集团有限公司,宁夏 西吉 756200 
刘震 宁夏大学葡萄酒与园艺学院,宁夏 银川 750021 
徐浩 宁夏大学葡萄酒与园艺学院,宁夏 银川 750021 
叶林 宁夏大学葡萄酒与园艺学院,宁夏 银川 750021； 宁夏设施园艺工程技术研究中心,宁夏 银川 750021 
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中文摘要:
      为明确不同种植方式对甘蓝生长发育、产量及品质及其调控效应，于2024—2025年设置平畦双行（T1）、高垄单行（T2）、高畦单行（T3）、高垄双行（T4）、高畦双行（T5）5种种植方式，系统比较各处理下甘蓝生长发育指标、光合特性、生物量积累、土壤水分状况、产量构成及品质差异，以筛选出适宜的甘蓝种植方式，为宁夏南部山区机械化移栽与优质高效生产提供理论依据和实践指导。结果表明：T1处理可有效促进甘蓝生长发育，提高光合效率与生物量积累，同时改善土壤水分状况，显著提高甘蓝产量和品质。与其他处理相比，T1处理两年采收期甘蓝展幅宽、叶长、茎粗、净光合速率提高0.29%~25.55%，结球期和采收期甘蓝地上部鲜质量、地下部鲜质量、地下部干质量提高2.86%~51.04%，采收期土壤含水量提高0.34%~2.83%。在产量和品质方面，T1处理单株质量较其他处理提高4.02%~17.00%，可溶性固形物、维生素C、可溶性蛋白等品质指标增幅为0.09%~25.00%。主成分分析表明，T1处理综合得分最高（0.74）。综上，平畦双行栽培模式综合表现最优，可作为宁南山区甘蓝的主推栽培模式。
英文摘要:
      To clarify the regulatory effects of different planting methods on the growth, yield, and quality of cabbage, five planting methods, including flat\|bed double\|row (T1), high\|ridge single\|row (T2), high\|bed single\|row (T3), high\|ridge double\|row (T4), and high\|bed double\|row (T5), were established in 2024-2025. The growth indicators, photosynthetic characteristics, biomass accumulation, soil moisture status, yield composition, and quality differences under each treatment were systematically compared to select the suitable planting method for cabbage. This provides a theoretical basis and practical guidance for mechanized transplanting and high\|quality and efficient production in the southern mountainous areas of Ningxia. The results showed that the T1 treatment could effectively promote the growth of cabbage, increase photosynthetic efficiency and biomass accumulation, and improve soil moisture status, significantly enhancing cabbage yield and quality. Compared with other treatments, T1 treatment exhibited a 0.29%-25.55% increase in cabbage spread width, leaf length, stem diameter, and net photosynthetic rate during the two\|year harvest period. The fresh weight of the above\|ground and below\|ground parts, as well as the dry weight of the below\|ground parts, increased by 2.86%-51.04% during the heading and harvest periods. Soil moisture content during the harvest period increased by 0.34%-2.83%. In terms of yield and quality, the single plant weight of T1 treatment was 4.02%-17.00% higher than that of other treatments, and quality indicators such as soluble solids, vitamin C, and soluble protein increased by 0.09%-25.00%. Principal component analysis indicated that T1 treatment had the highest comprehensive score (0.74). In summary, the flat\|bed double\|row cultivation mode exhibited the best comprehensive performance and can be recommended as the main cultivation mode for cabbage in the southern mountainous areas of Ningxia.
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