| 周韩冰,杨帆,赵满兴,李硕,马丹妮,王欣.铵态氮添加对陕北南泥湾不同种植年限水稻土有机碳矿化的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2026,(3):127~138 |
| 铵态氮添加对陕北南泥湾不同种植年限水稻土有机碳矿化的影响 |
| Response of soil organic carbon mineralization to ammonium-N addition in paddy soils with different cultivation durations in Nanniwan, Northern Shaanxi |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.03.12 |
| 中文关键词: 水稻土 种植年限 铵态氮 有机碳矿化 土壤碳循环 |
| 英文关键词:paddy soil planting years ammonium nitrogen organic carbon mineralization soil carbon cycle |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（41761068）；陕西省自然科学基础研究项目（2024JC-YBMS-239） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究陕北南泥湾不同种植年限水稻土有机碳矿化对铵态氮添加的响应，进而优化区域农田碳循环管理与施肥策略，以种植年限为3、30、78 a的水稻土样地及同区域旱地玉米地为对象，开展室内培养试验测定不同铵态氮浓度（0、50、100、150 mg·kg-1）处理下土壤有机碳矿化特征。结果表明：长期水稻种植显著提升了土壤有机碳矿化潜力，78 a水稻土0~20 cm土层潜在矿化量C0平均达2 835.97 mg·kg-1，较玉米地提高37.5%。铵态氮添加呈现“低促高抑”效应：50~100 mg·kg-1铵态氮处理促进玉米地、3 a水稻田及78 a水稻土的碳矿化，其中3 a水稻土在50 mg·kg-1铵态氮处理下较对照增加19.02%；而150 mg·kg-1处理显著抑制矿化（P<0.05），30 a水稻土0~20 cm土层土壤累积矿化量较对照降低35.52%，78 a水稻土在相同浓度下较50 mg·kg-1处理降低41.21%。0~20 cm 土层累积矿化量平均为20~40 cm 土层的1.26倍。相关性分析表明，0~20 cm土层C0与微生物生物量碳、溶解性有机碳等活性组分呈极显著正相关（P<0.01），20~40 cm土层的关联性较弱。综上，长期水稻种植显著提升土壤碳矿化潜力，外源铵态氮在中低浓度下（50~100 mg·kg-1）促进而高浓度（150 mg·kg-1）抑制矿化过程。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the response of soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization to ammonium-N addition in paddy soils with different cultivation durations in Nanniwan, Northern Shaanxi, and to optimize regional farmland carbon cycle management and fertilization strategies, a laboratory incubation experiment was conducted. Soil samples were collected from paddy fields with cultivation histories of 3 a, 30 a, and 78 a, together with an adjacent dryland maize field as a control. Four ammonium-N addition levels (0, 50, 100, and 150 mg·kg-1) were applied to examine SOC mineralization characteristics. The results showed that long\|term rice cultivation significantly enhanced the SOC mineralization potential. The average potential mineralization amount (C0) in the 0-20 cm layer of the 78 a paddy soil reached 2 835.97 mg·kg-1, which was 37.5% higher than that in the maize soil. Ammonium-N addition exhibited a “promotive at low\|to\|medium levels but inhibitory at high levels”effect: additions of 50-100 mg· kg-1promoted SOC mineralization in the maize soil, 3 a paddy soil, and 78 a paddy soil, with the 3 a paddy soil showing a 19.02% increase under 50 mg·kg-1 compared to the control. In contrast, the 150 mg·kg-1 treatment significantly inhibited mineralization (P<0.05), reducing the cumulative mineralization in the 0-20 cm layer of the 30 a paddy soil by 35.52% relative to the control, and that of the 78 a paddy soil by 41.21% compared to the 50 mg·kg-1 treatment. The cumulative mineralization in the 0-20 cm layer was on average 1.26 times that in the 20-40 cm layer. Correlation analysis indicated that in the 0-20 cm layer, C0 was significantly positively correlated with active carbon fractions such as microbial biomass carbon and dissolved organic carbon (P<0.01), whereas the correlations were weaker in the 20-40 cm layer. In conclusion, long\|term rice cultivation markedly elevates the SOC mineralization potential of soil, and exogenous ammonium-N promotes mineralization at low\|to\|medium concentrations (50-100 mg·kg-1) but suppresses it at a high concentration (150 mg·kg-1). |
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