| 谷秋莹,杨树青,张万锋,鄂继芳.浅埋滴灌条件下牧草种植对苏打盐碱地的改良效应[J].干旱地区农业研究,2026,(3):234~243 |
| 浅埋滴灌条件下牧草种植对苏打盐碱地的改良效应 |
| Effects of forage planting on improvement of soda saline\|alkaline soil under shallow buried drip irrigation conditions |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.03.22 |
| 中文关键词: 苏打盐碱地 牧草 土壤碱化度 土壤pH值 浅埋滴灌 |
| 英文关键词:soda saline\|alkali soil forage grass soil alkalinity soil pH shallow buried drip irrigation |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（52179037）；中央引导地方科技发展资金项目（2025ZY0161，2022ZY0139）；内蒙古自然科学基金（2023QN05010） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究节水灌溉下种植耐盐牧草对苏打盐碱土壤的改良效应，进而筛选出改良效果最佳的牧草品种，于2023年4月—2024年10月在西辽河平原开展浅埋滴灌条件下种植高丹草（DS）、甜高粱（DB）、‘朝牧1号’稗子（DC）3种牧草及空地（CK）的田间试验，分析土壤养分及盐碱特征的变化，并运用组合赋权TOPSIS法进行综合效果评价。结果表明：与CK相比，种植牧草可使土壤有机质含量增加55%～141%，且改良效果随种植时间的延长而增强，其中DS处理有机质含量最高（25.993 g·kg-1），较CK提高141%；两年种植后土壤速效钾含量大幅提升，在生长旺盛期达到峰值，DC处理前期速效钾含量最高，较CK提高255%，DS处理后期效果最好，收获期平均速效钾含量为874.82 mg·kg-1，较CK提高494%；各处理土壤碱化度和pH值随时间增加明显下降，DS处理效果最突出，两年平均碱化度和pH值分别为13.7%和7.34，较CK分别降低63.9%和10.4%；全盐量随时间变化呈波动式降低，DC处理效果最佳，两年平均降低42.6%。此外，改良效果随土层加深而减弱，0~20 cm土层的改良效果优于20~60 cm土层。基于组合赋权TOPSIS法的综合评价结果为DS处理的贴合度最高（0.726）。综上，西辽河平原浅埋滴灌条件下种植高丹草对改良苏打盐碱地的效果较佳。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the ameliorative effects of planting salt\|tolerant forage grasses on soda saline\|alkaline soil under water\|saving irrigation and to identify the most effective forage species, field trials were conducted from April 2023 to October 2024 on the West Liaohe Plain, where three types of pasture grasses were planted: Sorghum bicolor×sudanense (DS), Sorghum bicolor (DB), ‘Zhaomu No.1’ barnyard (DC), and an open field (CK). The trials used shallow buried drip irrigation to analyze changes in soil nutrients and salinity features. The TOPSIS method was applied to evaluate the comprehensive effects. The results showed that compared with CK, planting forage grass can increase soil organic matter content by 55% to 141%, and the improvement effect increases with the length of planting time. Among them, the DS treatment had the highest organic matter content, reaching 25.993 g·kg-1, an increase of 141% compared with CK. After two years of planting, the soil available potassium content significantly increased, reaching a peak during the vigorous growth period. The DC treatment had the highest available potassium content in the early stage, with an increase of 255% compared to the CK, while the DS treatment showed the best results in the later stage, with an average available potassium content of 874.82 mg·kg-1 at harvest, representing a 494% increase. The alkalinity and pH of the soil decreased significantly over time in all treatments, with the DS treatment showing the most prominent effect. The average alkalinity after two years was 13.7%, a decrease of 63.9% compared to the CK, and the average pH was 7.34, a decrease of 10.4%. Total salt content decreased in a fluctuating manner over time, with the DC treatment showing the best effect, with an average decrease of 42.6% over two years. Additionally, the improvement effect weakened with increasing soil depth, with the 0-20 cm soil layer showing better improvement effects than the 20-60 cm layer. Based on the comprehensive evaluation results using the combined weighted TOPSIS method, the DS treatment had the highest fit (0.726). In summary, planting Sorghum bicolor×sudanense under shallow drip irrigation in the West Liaohe Plain effectively improves soda saline\|alkaline soil. |
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