李玉环,李许一,楚森,于成龙,刘尊民,李宝刚,路战远<,张向前,谢锐.麦茬地免耕播种振动特性对气吸式精量排种器性能的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2026,(3):305~315
麦茬地免耕播种振动特性对气吸式精量排种器性能的影响
Influence of vibration characteristics of no\|till seeding in wheat stubble fields on the performance of pneumatic precision seed meters
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.03.29
中文关键词:  气吸式排种器  免耕地表  高速播种  振动特性  黄淮海地区
英文关键词:air\|suction seed metering device  no\|tillage surface  high\|speed seeding  vibration characteristics  Huang\|Huai\|Hai region
基金项目:国家自然科学基金（52505266）；中国博士后科学基金（2024MD763988）；山东省自然科学基金（ZR2022QE231)；内蒙古自治区自然科学基金（2025MS05006）；中央引导地方科技发展资金项目（2024YD012）
作者单位
李玉环 青岛理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,山东 青岛 266520； 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031；青岛理工大学工业流体节能与污染控制教育部重点实验室,山东 青岛 266520 
李许一 青岛理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,山东 青岛 266520 
楚森 青岛理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,山东 青岛 266520 
于成龙 山东睿泽沣农业装备有限公司,山东 青岛 266404 
刘尊民 青岛理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,山东 青岛 266520； 青岛理工大学工业流体节能与污染控制教育部重点实验室,山东 青岛 266520 
李宝刚 青岛理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,山东 青岛 266520； 青岛理工大学工业流体节能与污染控制教育部重点实验室,山东 青岛 266520 
路战远< 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031 
张向前 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031 
谢锐 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031 
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中文摘要:
      为研究麦茬免耕地播种机作业振动特性对气吸式精量排种器作业质量的影响规律，以2BYFSF-5C型气吸式玉米免耕精量播种机为载体，获取气吸式精量排种器在黄淮海地区典型麦茬免耕地作业时的振动频率集中在3~12 Hz，振动幅值集中在0~12 mm。对振动条件下种子排种过程进行受力分析，构建排种过程中种子的稳定吸附力学模型。开展田间振动模拟试验，结果表明：对排种合格指数、重播指数的影响从大到小依次为振动幅值、前进速度、振动频率；对漏播指数的影响优先级为振动幅值、振动频率、前进速度。对比试验结果表明，相较于无振动环境，振动环境下种子所需吸附力显著增强，漏播指数升高可达15个百分点。研究成果探明了振动特性对气吸式精量排种器的影响规律，对气吸式精量排种器的创新设计与优化提供了理论基础。
英文摘要:
      To investigate the influence law of the operating vibration characteristics of no\|tillage planters in wheat stubble fields on the operating quality of pneumatic precision seed meters, the 2BYFSF-5C pneumatic precision no\|tillage corn planter was used as the research carrier. The vibration data of the pneumatic precision seed meter during operation in typical wheat stubble no\|tillage fields in the Huang\|Huai\|Hai region were collected, showing that the vibration frequency concentrated in the range of 3-12 Hz and the vibration amplitude in 0-12 mm. A force analysis was conducted on the seed metering process under vibration conditions, and a mechanical model for the stable adsorption of seeds during the metering process was established. Field vibration simulation tests were carried out. The results showed that for the qualification rate and reseeding rate of seed metering, the factors influencing them in descending order of importance were: vibration amplitude, forward speed, and vibration frequency. For the miss\|seeding rate, the order of influencing factors was: planter forward speed, vibration amplitude, and vibration frequency. Comparison test results showed that, compared with the non\|vibration environment, the adsorption force required for seeds in the vibration environment was significantly enhanced, and the miss\|seeding rate could increase by up to 15 percentage points. The research results clarify the influence law of vibration characteristics on pneumatic precision seed meters and provide a theoretical basis for the innovative design and optimization of pneumatic precision seed meters.
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