| 刘杰,张素梅,张婷,郭之瑶,胡亚朋,杨正东.胡麻-亚麻荠间作对田间杂草藜及作物生长的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2026,(4):24~33 |
| 胡麻-亚麻荠间作对田间杂草藜及作物生长的影响 |
| Effects of the flax\|camelina intercropping on the growth of Chenopodium album and crops in the field |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.04.03 |
| 中文关键词: 胡麻 亚麻荠 藜 间作 杂草控制率 土地当量比 |
| 英文关键词:flax camelina common lambsquarters intercropping weed suppression index land equivalent ratio |
| 基金项目:国家特色油料产业技术体系项目（CARS-14-2-26）；国家自然科学基金（32460545）；甘肃省青年科技基金计划（22JR5RL1048）；甘肃省第三批陇原青年英才项目（〔2024〕11号）；甘肃省青年科技基金计划（25JRRL004）；平凉市科技重大专项计划（PL-STK-2024A-034） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探索胡麻-亚麻荠间作对田间杂草藜及胡麻、亚麻荠生长的影响，设置胡麻-亚麻荠2∶1、4∶1、5∶1、6∶2共4种间作模式，以胡麻单作和亚麻荠单作为对照，系统研究不同种植模式下田间藜数量、藜生物量、杂草控制指数、胡麻和亚麻荠地上部生物量、产量、土地当量比的变化。结果表明：（1）与胡麻单作相比，胡麻-亚麻荠间作及亚麻荠单作均能降低胡麻现蕾期种植带内藜的数量和生物量，两年间藜数量和藜生物量分别平均降低42.11%~59.42%和39.40%~76.04%，其中2∶1、4∶1间作模式的藜数量较胡麻单作显著降低59.42%、49.63%；但在胡麻青果期、成熟期，间作及亚麻荠单作对藜的数量和生物量影响不显著。（2）4种间作模式中，胡麻-亚麻荠5∶1间作更有利于胡麻和亚麻荠的生长，在胡麻青果期和成熟期，其地上部生物量较胡麻单作分别显著提高34.34%和36.17%；在胡麻盛花期，亚麻荠地上部生物量较亚麻荠单作显著提高63.01%。（3）间作模式对胡麻和亚麻荠的农艺和经济性状影响较小，但降低了间作系统中胡麻产量，同时提高了亚麻荠产量，且当胡麻-亚麻荠种植比例为5∶1时间作系统的土地当量比最高。综上，胡麻-亚麻荠间作可在胡麻现蕾期（杂草出苗期）有效控制杂草藜生长，其中5∶1间作比例更有利于提高胡麻和亚麻荠的地上部生物量，间作优势更突出。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to explore the effects of the flax\|camelina intercropping on the growth of common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.), flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), and camelina (Camelina sativa L.), four intercropping patterns of flax\|camelina in ratios of 2∶1, 4∶1, 5∶1, and 6∶2 were set up, and camelina sole cropping and flax sole cropping were used as control. The study investigated the changes in number of common lambsquarters, common lambsquarters biomass, weed suppression index, aboveground biomass of flax and camelina, yield of flax and camelina, and land equivalent ratio under different planting patterns. The results showed that: (1) Compared with flax sole cropping, flax\|camelina intercropping and camelina sole cropping reduced the number and biomass of common lambsquarters within the planting row during the budding stage of flax. The number and biomass of common lambsquarters were reduced by an average of 42.11%-59.42% and 39.40%-76.04%, respectively, over two years. Among them, the 2∶1 and 4∶1 intercropping patterns significantly reduced the number of common lambsquarters by 59.42% and 49.63% compared with flax sole cropping. However, during the green pod stage, and maturity stage of flax, the effects of intercropping and camelina sole cropping on the number and biomass of common lambsquarters were not significant. (2) Among the four intercropping patterns, the flax\|camelina intercropping with a 5∶1 ratio was more conducive to the growth of both flax and camelina in the intercropping system. The aboveground biomass of flax at the green pod and maturity stages increased significantly by 34.34% and 36.17%, respectively, compared to flax sole cropping. The aboveground biomass of camelina at the full flowering stage increased significantly by 63.01% compared to camelina sole cropping. (3) The flax\|camelina intercropping pattern had a minor effect on the agronomic and economic traits of both flax and camelina, but it reduced the yield of flax and increased the yield of camelina in the intercropping system. When the flax\|camelina intercropping ratio was 5∶1, the land equivalent ratio of the intercropping system was the highest. In summary, flax\|camelina intercropping can reduce the growth of common lambsquarters in the field at the flax budding stage (weed emergence stage). The intercropping ratio of 5∶1 was more beneficial for increasing the aboveground biomass of both flax and camelina, showing a more prominent intercropping advantage. |
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