荞麦品种苗期抗旱性鉴定及抗旱指标筛选

王涛; 张盼盼; 林琼琼; 刘小进; 思旺阳; 刘柏伶; 刘谨娴; 周宇宇; 毕伟伟; 罗艳; 孙启辉

王涛,张盼盼,林琼琼,刘小进,思旺阳,刘柏伶,刘谨娴,周宇宇,毕伟伟,罗艳,孙启辉.荞麦品种苗期抗旱性鉴定及抗旱指标筛选[J].干旱地区农业研究,2026,(4):45~54

荞麦品种苗期抗旱性鉴定及抗旱指标筛选

Drought tolerance assessment and related index selection in buckwheat varieties at seedling stage

DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.04.05

英文关键词:buckwheat drought tolerance assessment drought resistance index screening comprehensive evaluation seedling stage

基金项目:陕西省教育厅重点实验室项目(23JS068)；第二批“榆林科技之光”中青年领军人才项目(2024-KJZG-ZQNLJ-008)；陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(青年项目)(150/25JCYBQN283)；陕西省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2025NC-YBXM-024)；中央引导地方科技发展基金陕西省工程技术研究中心项目(2022ZY2-GCZX-05)；陕西省小杂粮产业技术体系项目（K3031224005）

作者	单位
王涛	榆林大学现代农学院/陕西省矿区生态修复重点实验室/陕西省陕北旱区作物节水工程技术研究中心,陕西榆林 719000
张盼盼	榆林大学现代农学院/陕西省矿区生态修复重点实验室/陕西省陕北旱区作物节水工程技术研究中心,陕西榆林 719000
林琼琼	榆林大学现代农学院/陕西省矿区生态修复重点实验室/陕西省陕北旱区作物节水工程技术研究中心,陕西榆林 719000
刘小进	延安市农业科学研究院,陕西延安 716000
思旺阳	靖边县现代农业产业示范区管委会,陕西榆林 719000
刘柏伶	榆林大学现代农学院/陕西省矿区生态修复重点实验室/陕西省陕北旱区作物节水工程技术研究中心,陕西榆林 719000
刘谨娴	榆林大学现代农学院/陕西省矿区生态修复重点实验室/陕西省陕北旱区作物节水工程技术研究中心,陕西榆林 719000
周宇宇	榆林大学现代农学院/陕西省矿区生态修复重点实验室/陕西省陕北旱区作物节水工程技术研究中心,陕西榆林 719000
毕伟伟	榆林大学现代农学院/陕西省矿区生态修复重点实验室/陕西省陕北旱区作物节水工程技术研究中心,陕西榆林 719000
罗艳	榆林大学现代农学院/陕西省矿区生态修复重点实验室/陕西省陕北旱区作物节水工程技术研究中心,陕西榆林 719000
孙启辉	榆林大学现代农学院/陕西省矿区生态修复重点实验室/陕西省陕北旱区作物节水工程技术研究中心,陕西榆林 719000

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中文摘要:

为明确不同品种荞麦苗期抗旱性差异并筛选核心鉴定指标，以14份萌发期抗旱性存在差异的荞麦品种为材料，采用盆栽控水法，设置对照（土壤相对含水量75%~80%）和干旱胁迫（土壤相对含水量40%~45%）处理，测定株高、根长、脯氨酸含量等25项生长及生理生化指标。通过描述性统计、主成分分析、隶属函数分析、相关性分析及逐步回归分析等方法，综合评价苗期抗旱性并筛选关键指标。结果表明：干旱胁迫下，荞麦苗期株高、茎鲜质量、叶鲜质量、地上部鲜质量、总根长、根系表面积、根系体积等生长指标分别显著或极显著下降，降幅分别为15.42%、30.00%、15.15%、24.36%、24.26%、22.22%、20.00%；脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白含量及SOD、POD活性分别显著或极显著增加，增幅分别为192.13%、141.09%、53.06%和57.34%。主成分分析将25项指标凝练为7个主成分，累计贡献率达89.065%；聚类分析将14份品种划分为4类，其中‘西农H2019’、‘平荞2号’为高度抗旱性品种，‘西农9976’等4份为中度抗旱性品种，‘甘肃定西荞麦’等7份为干旱敏感性品种，‘秦荞自交2号’为高度干旱敏感性品种；逐步回归分析筛选出主根长、根鲜质量、可溶性蛋白含量、叶片相对含水量为荞麦苗期抗旱性核心鉴定指标（R²=0.892，P<0.01）。

英文摘要:

To clarify the differences in drought resistance among different buckwheat varieties at the seedling stage and to screen core identification indicators, 14 buckwheat varieties with varying levels of drought resistance during germination were selected as materials. Using the pot\|based water control method, two treatments were established: control (soil relative water content of 75%-80%) and drought stress (soil relative water content of 40%-45%). Twenty\|five growth, physiological, and biochemical indicators, including plant height, root length, and proline content, were measured. Through descriptive statistics, principal component analysis, membership function analysis, correlation analysis, and stepwise regression analysis, the drought resistance at the seedling stage was comprehensively evaluated, and the key indicators were screened. The results showed that under drought stress, growth indicators such as plant height, stem fresh mass, leaf fresh mass, shoot fresh mass, total root length, root surface area, and root volume of buckwheat seedlings decreased significantly or extremely significantly, with a decrease of 15.42%, 30.00%, 15.15%, 24.36%, 24.26%, 22.22%, and 20.00%, respectively. The osmotic adjustment substances such as proline and soluble protein content and antioxidant enzyme activities such as SOD and POD increased significantly or extremely significantly by 192.13%, 141.09%, 53.06%, and 57.34%, respectively. Principal component analysis condensed the 25 indicators into 7 principal components, with a cumulative contribution rate of 89.065%. Cluster analysis classified the 14 varieties into 4 categories: ‘Xinong H2019’ and ‘Pingqiao 2’ were highly drought\|resistant varieties; 4 varieties, including ‘Xinong 9976’, were moderately drought\|resistant; and 7 varieties, such as ‘Gansu Dingxi buckwheat’, was drought\|sensitive; and ‘Qinqiao Zijiao 2’ was highly drought\|sensitive variety. Stepwise regression analysis identified main root length, root fresh mass, soluble protein content, and leaf relative water content as the core identification indicators for drought resistance in buckwheat at the seedling stage (R²=0.892, P<0.01).

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