| 陈宏,张平良,焦子健,刘晓伟,杨思存,谭雪莲.长期覆膜与有机肥配施对半干旱区马铃薯农田土壤理化性状的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2026,(4):79~86 |
| 长期覆膜与有机肥配施对半干旱区马铃薯农田土壤理化性状的影响 |
| Effects of long\|term plastic film mulching combined with organic fertilizer application on soil physicochemical properties in potato fields of semi\|arid areas |
| |
| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.04.08 |
| 中文关键词: 马铃薯农田 长期定位试验 覆膜 有机肥 土壤理化性状 半干旱区 |
| 英文关键词:potato farmland long\|term positioning experiment plastic film mulching organic fertilizers soil physicochemical properties semi\|arid area |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFD1900403）；甘肃省现代寒旱特色农业科技支撑项目（KJZC-2025-20）；甘肃省农业科学院科技创新专项（2026GAAS13） |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 0 |
| 全文下载次数: 0 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为探明长期覆膜与有机肥配施对半干旱区马铃薯农田土壤理化性状的调控效果，依托国家土壤质量安定观测实验站黄绵土区连续10 a定位试验，设全膜覆盖垄播（F）、露地平作（L）2 种覆盖方式，搭配不施肥（CK）、单施化肥（NPK）、单施有机肥（OM）、有机无机配施（NPKM）4 组施肥处理，分析土壤物理结构、养分及酸碱度变化规律。结果表明，长期施用有机肥（NPKM、OM）可较单施化肥（NPK）处理显著降低0~30 cm土层土壤容重（降幅4.2%~18.8%）、提高土壤总孔隙度（增幅3.6%~18.4%），且全膜覆盖垄播处理优于露地平作；单施化肥无改土效果。有机无机配施可有效提升土壤全量和速效养分含量，全膜覆盖垄播条件下，NPKM较NPK处理的碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量分别显著提高80.1%、151.8%和170.3%，全氮和全磷含量分别显著提高30.6%和16.4%；NPK处理pH最低，显著低于增施有机肥处理，有机肥可缓冲覆膜条件下的土壤酸化。交互效应表明，施肥是影响土壤理化性质的主导因素，覆膜仅定向活化土壤磷素，F-OM较L-OM处理有效磷含量提高26.0%；二者仅对土壤pH存在显著交互作用。综合来看，全膜覆盖垄播条件下化肥有机肥配施能协同改善西北半干旱区黄绵土马铃薯农田耕层土壤物理结构，提升养分库容与供应能力，是该区域实现土壤可持续管理的适宜技术措施。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the effects of long\|term film mulching combined with organic manure application on soil physicochemical properties of potato farmland in a semi\|arid area, based on the 10-year continuous positioning experiment in the loessial soil area of the National Soil Quality Anding Observation and Experimental Station, two mulching methods of full\|mulch ridge planting (F) and flat planting without mulching (L) were set up, and four fertilization treatments of no fertilizer (CK), chemical fertilizer alone (NPK), organic manure alone (OM), and combined chemical fertilizer and organic manure (NPKM) were combined to analyze the changes of soil physical structure, nutrients, and pH. The results showed that long\|term application of organic fertilizer (NPKM, OM) significantly decreased soil bulk density by 4.2%-18.8%, and increased total porosity by 3.6%-18.4% in 0-30 cm soil layer relative to NPK, with full\|mulch ridge planting outperforming flat planting without mulching. Single chemical fertilizer application exerted no soil amelioration effect. NPKM treatment significantly enhanced soil total and available nutrient contents. Under full\|mulch ridge planting, NPKM increased alkali\|hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium by 80.1%, 151.8%, and 170.3%, respectively, and total nitrogen and total phosphorus by 30.6% and 16.4% compared with NPK. Under film mulching, the pH value of NPK treatment was the lowest, which was significantly lower than that of organic manure\|amended treatments. Organic manure application effectively buffered soil acidification under film mulching conditions. Interaction analysis indicated that fertilization was the dominant factor affecting soil physicochemical properties. Film mulching only activated soil phosphorus, and the available phosphorus content of F-OM was 26.0% higher than that of L-OM. A significant interaction between mulching method and fertilization was only detected for soil pH. In conclusion, full\|mulch ridge planting combined with chemical fertilizer and organic manure can synergistically improve topsoil physical structure and enhance nutrient storage and supply capacity in the loessal soil of potato farmland in the semi\|arid area of Northwest China, representing a suitable technical measure for sustainable soil management in this area. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| | |