| 董昱,李森淼,骆静梅,马献发,张娟,孟庆峰.长期施用有机肥对草甸碱土有机碳组分及胡敏酸结构特征的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2026,(4):87~96 |
| 长期施用有机肥对草甸碱土有机碳组分及胡敏酸结构特征的影响 |
| Effects of long\|term application of organic fertilizer on organic carbon fractions and humic acid structure characteristics in meadow solonetz |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.04.09 |
| 中文关键词: 草甸碱土 有机肥 土壤有机碳 腐殖质组分 胡敏酸结构 光谱表征 |
| 英文关键词:meadow solonetz organic fertilizer soil organic carbon humus fractions humic acid structure spectral characterization |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(42177320);哈尔滨市制造业创新人才项目(2022CXRCCG010);黑龙江省博士后科研启动金(LBH-Q20067) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| ]依托松嫩平原西部草甸碱土长期定位试验，设置有机肥施用27 a（27Y）、22 a（22Y）、19 a（19Y）、11 a（11Y）及不施有机肥（CK）共5个处理，研究有机肥施用年限对草甸碱土有机碳、颗粒有机碳、腐殖质组分及其结构特征的影响，并采用傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR）和13C核磁共振（13C-NMR）技术表征胡敏酸化学结构。结果表明：相较于CK，27Y、22Y、19Y、11Y处理0~20 cm土层土壤有机碳含量分别提升144.9%、129.5%、76.9%和57.6%，53~250、250~2 000 μm粒级颗粒有机碳含量分别提升78.6%~507.1%和57.0%~163.1%；同时，腐殖酸含量分别增加210.4%、227.9%、205.8%和139.6%，胡敏酸含量分别增加394.6%、375.0%、283.9%和232.1%，富里酸含量分别增加104.1%、143.9%、161.2%和86.7%，胡敏素含量分别增加158.5%、185.0%、166.0%和112.5%；胡富比在各处理下也大幅提高。随着施肥年限增加，I（2920+2850）/I1620比值和脂肪碳/芳香碳比值逐渐增大，各处理两指标分别较CK增加30.2%~79.9%和29.8%~69.1%；芳香度降低11.8%～23.5%。综上，长期施用有机肥可改变草甸碱土腐殖质中胡敏酸与富里酸比例（胡富比较CK提高44.8%~144.8%），促使富里酸向胡敏酸转化；随有机肥施用年限增加，胡敏酸分子结构趋于简单化。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Based on a long\|term field experiment in meadow solonetz in the western Songnen Plain, five treatments were established: organic fertilizer application for 27 a (27Y), 22 a (22Y), 19 a (19Y), 11 a (11Y), and no organic fertilizer application (CK). This study investigated the effects of organic fertilizer application years on soil organic carbon, particulate organic carbon, humus fractions, and their structural characteristics. Fourier\|transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and solid\|state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-NMR) spectroscopy were used to characterize the chemical structure of humic acid. The results showed that, compared with CK, soil organic carbon contents in 0-20 cm layer of the 27Y, 22Y, 19Y, and 11Y treatments increased by 144.9%, 129.5%, 76.9%, and 57.6%, respectively. The contents of particulate organic carbon in the 53-250 μm and 250-2 000 μm fractions increased by 78.6%-507.1% and 57.0%-163.1%, respectively. Meanwhile, the contents of humus acid increased by 210.4%, 227.9%, 205.8%, and 139.6%, respectively, humic acid contents increased by 394.6%, 375.0%, 283.9%, and 232.1%, respectively, fulvic acid contents increased by 104.1%, 143.9%, 161.2%, and 86.7%, respectively, and humin contents increased by 158.5%, 185.0%, 166.0%, and 112.5%, respectively. The humic acid/fulvic acid ratio was also markedly enhanced under all organic fertilizer treatments. With increasing duration of organic fertilizer application, the I(2920+2850)/I1620 radio and the aliphatic C/aromatic C ratio gradually increased, showing increases of 30.2%-79.9% and 29.8%-69.1%, respectively, compared with CK, whereas aromaticity decreased by 11.8%-23.5%. In conclusion, long\|term organic fertilizer application altered the proportion of humic acid and fulvic acid in soil humus of meadow solonetz, increased the humic acid/fulvic acid ratio by 44.8%-144.8% compared with CK, and promoted the transformation of fulvic acid into humic acid. Moreover, the molecular structure of humic acid tended to become simpler with increasing duration of organic fertilizer application. |
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