| 刘颖,吕晓桂,石磊.大气压氩气冷等离子体处理对玉米幼苗抗旱性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2026,(4):160~170 |
| 大气压氩气冷等离子体处理对玉米幼苗抗旱性的影响 |
| Effects of atmospheric pressure argon cold plasma treatment on drought tolerance of maize seedlings |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.04.16 |
| 中文关键词: 冷等离子体 玉米幼苗 抗旱性 生理指标 隶属函数综合评价 |
| 英文关键词:cold plasma maize seedling drought resistance physiological traits comprehensive evaluation of membership function |
| 基金项目:内蒙古自然科学基金(2023LHMS01003)；内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费项目(BR230111) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究冷等离子体处理对玉米种子发芽及幼苗抗旱性的影响，以‘郑单958’玉米种子为材料，用不同浓度（20%、25%、30%）的PEG-6000溶液模拟干旱胁迫，利用5、7、9 kV电压的大气压氩气冷等离子体对种子分别处理30、60、90 s，记录种子的萌发情况并测定不同程度干旱胁迫下幼苗的生理生化指标变化。结果表明：冷等离子体处理提高了种子的吸水率、发芽势和发芽率，但处理间差异均不显著（P>0.05）。在干旱胁迫下，冷等离子体通过提高渗透调节物质含量来维持细胞渗透势平衡，其中，可溶性蛋白（5 kV、90 s处理）在30%胁迫下显著提高6.57%，可溶性糖（9 kV、60 s处理）在20%胁迫下显著提高78.29%，Pro（7 kV、90 s处理）在30%胁迫下显著提高452.98%。此外，抗氧化酶活性的提高减少了细胞膜脂的氧化损伤，SOD（5 kV、60 s处理）、POD（7 kV、60 s处理）在20%胁迫下分别显著提高38.27%和47.31%，CAT（9 kV、30 s处理）在25%胁迫下显著提高175.64%。等离子体处理在干旱胁迫下促进了幼苗的生长，株高（5 kV、60 s处理）在20%胁迫下增加38.43%，根长（5 kV、30 s处理）在30%胁迫下提高62.84%，幼苗鲜质量、干质量（9 kV、60 s处理）在20%胁迫下分别显著提高68.55%和69.37%，且叶绿素含量和根系活力均出现不同程度的提高，叶绿素含量（9 kV、60 s处理）在30%胁迫下提高34.09%，根系活力（5 kV、90 s处理）在25%胁迫下提高121.10%。利用隶属函数和主成分分析对玉米抗旱能力进行综合评价发现，7 kV、60 s，5 kV、90 s，7 kV、60 s冷等离子体处理后的幼苗，分别对20%、25%及30% PEG胁迫的抵抗能力最强。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the effects of cold plasma treatment on maize seed germination and seedling drought resistance, ‘Zhengdan 958’ maize seeds were used as materials. Different concentrations (20%, 25%, and 30%) of PEG-6000 solution were used to simulate drought stress. The maize seeds were treated with atmospheric pressure argon gas cooled plasma at 5, 7, and 9 kV voltages for 30, 60, and 90 seconds, respectively. The germination of maize seeds was recorded, and the growth and physiological and biochemical indicators of the seedlings under different degrees of drought stress were measured. The results showed that cold plasma treatment increased the water absorption, germination potential, and germination rate of seeds, but they were not significant (P>0.05). Under drought stress, cold plasma maintained the cell osmotic potential balance by increasing the content of osmolytes. Among them, soluble protein (5 kV, 90 s) was significantly increased by 6.57% under 30% stress, soluble sugar (9 kV, 60 s) was significantly increased by 78.29% under 20% stress, and Pro (7 kV, 90 s) was significantly increased by 452.98% under 30% stress. In addition, the increase of antioxidant enzyme activity reduced the oxidative damage of cell membrane lipids. SOD (5 kV, 60 s) and POD (7 kV, 60 s) were significantly increased by 38.27% and 47.31% under 20% stress, respectively. CAT (9 kV, 30 s) was significantly increased by 175.64% under 25% stress. Plasma treatment promoted the growth of seedlings under drought stress. The plant height (5 kV, 60 s) increased by 38.43% under 20% stress, and the root length (5 kV, 30 s) increased by 62.84% under 30% stress. The fresh mass and dry mass (9 kV, 60 s) significantly increased by 68.55% and 69.37% under 20% stress, respectively. The chlorophyll content and root activity increased to varying degrees, and the chlorophyll content (9 kV, 60 s) increased by 34.09% under 30% stress, and the root activity (5 kV, 90 s) increased by 121.10% under 25% stress. The comprehensive evaluation and analysis of maize drought resistance by membership function and principal component analysis showed that the seedlings treated with 9 kV for 30 s, 5 kV for 90 s, and 7 kV for 60 s had the strongest resistance to 20%, 25%, and 30% PEG-6000 stress, respectively. |
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