| 代永欣,李俊鹏,王艳圆,马国勇,王林.衰老对沙棘根茎叶水力性状的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2026,(4):171~181 |
| 衰老对沙棘根茎叶水力性状的影响 |
| Effects of aging on hydraulic traits of roots, branches, and leaves of Hippophae rhamnoides |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.04.17 |
| 中文关键词: 沙棘 衰老 导水率 水力脆弱性 解剖结构 非结构性碳水化合物 |
| 英文关键词:Hippophae rhamnoides aging hydraulic conductivity hydraulic vulnerability anatomical structure non\|structural carbohydrates |
| 基金项目:山西省基础研究计划项目(202403021221079，202403021221081)；山西省重点研发计划项目(202402140601004)；山西农业大学生物育种工程项目(YZGC139) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究衰老对沙棘水力性状的影响及其驱动因素，以正常生长（5年生）和衰老（16年生）大果沙棘为研究对象，测定叶片、枝条、根的最大导水率（Kmax）和P50（50%最大导水率时的水势），及其形态解剖特征和非结构性碳水化合物（NSC）含量等指标。结果表明：相对于正常沙棘，衰老沙棘的叶片Kmax没有明显变化，枝条Kmax显著降低27.8%，根Kmax显著增加32.9%，叶片P50由-1.23 MPa降至-1.44 MPa，枝条、根P50分别由-1.73、-1.46 MPa升至-1.36、-1.12 MPa。衰老沙棘的叶Kmax无明显变化是叶脉导管直径减小、叶片厚度增加与叶面积减少共同作用的结果，衰老沙棘的枝条Kmax下降主要受枝条导管直径减小和导水面积减小的影响，根Kmax增加主要是由于树龄增加引起的根导管直径增加。衰老沙棘的叶P50降低主要与导管直径减小、叶脉导管抗塌陷指数增加有关，枝条P50升高与纤维细胞壁厚度降低有关，根P50升高主要与导管直径增加、导管壁厚度及导管抗塌陷指数降低有关。衰老沙棘叶片和枝条NSC含量分别比正常沙棘升高46.9%和20.7%，根NSC含量降低30.5%。综上，衰老沙棘相对于正常沙棘在根、茎、叶水力性状上有不同的可塑性响应模式，衰老沙棘茎叶脆弱性分割发生逆转不利于干旱条件下茎水分传输功能的维持，根NSC含量减少将进一步影响根的生长、吸收功能和水分传输功能，导致其对逆境的抵御能力降低。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the effects of aging on the hydraulic traits of Hippophae rhamnoides and its driving factors, normal growing (5-year-old) and aging (16-year-old) H. rhamnoides were used as research objects. The maximum hydraulic conductivity (Kmax) and P50 (water potential at 50% maximum hydraulic conductivity) of leaves, branches, and roots, as well as their morphological and anatomical characteristics and non\|structural carbohydrate (NSC) contents in different organs, were measured. The results showed that: Compared with normal H. rhamnoides, leaf Kmax of aging H. rhamnoides did not change significantly, branch Kmax was significantly reduced by 27.8%, and root Kmax was significantly increased by 32.9%. Leaf P50 of aging H. rhamnoides decreased from -1.23 MPa to -1.44 MPa, and P50 of branches and roots increased from -1.73 MPa and -1.46 MPa to -1.36 MPa and -1.12 MPa, respectively. There was no significant change in the leaf Kmax of the aging H. rhamnoides, which was the result of the synergistic effect of the decrease in leaf vein vessel diameter, increase in leaf thickness, and decrease in leaf area. The decrease in the branch Kmax of the aging H. rhamnoides was mainly affected by the decrease in branch vessel diameter and the decrease in the water\|transporting area. The increase in the root Kmax was mainly caused by the increase in root vessel diameter along with age. The decrease of leaf P50 was mainly related to the decrease of vessel diameter and the increase of vessel resistance to collapse index. The increase of branch P50 was related to the decrease of fiber cell wall thickness, and the increase of root P50 was mainly related to the increase of vessel diameter, the decrease of vessel wall thickness, and the decrease of resistance to collapse index. The NSC content of the leaves and branches of the aging H. rhamnoides was increased by 46.9% and 20.7%, respectively, compared with that of the normal one, while the root NSC content was decreased by 30.5%. In conclusion, aging H. rhamnoides has different phenotypic plasticity response patterns in hydraulic traits of roots, stems, and leaves compared with normal H. rhamnoides. The reversal of vulnerability segmentation of stems and leaves in aging H. rhamnoides is not conducive to the maintenance of stem water transport function under drought conditions. The reduction of root NSC content will further affect root growth, absorption function, and water transport function, resulting in a decrease in their resistance to adverse conditions. |
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