| 胡剑涛,高雅灵,陈帅宏,陆军胜.灌水方案对玉米碳氮稳定同位素组成、产量及水分利用效率的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2026,(4):221~230 |
| 灌水方案对玉米碳氮稳定同位素组成、产量及水分利用效率的影响 |
| Effects of irrigation schemes on natural carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes composition, yield and water use efficiency of maize |
| |
| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.04.21 |
| 中文关键词: 玉米 产量 水分利用效率 稳定碳同位素 稳定氮同位素 |
| 英文关键词:maize yield water use efficiency stable carbon isotope stable nitrogen isotope |
| 基金项目:旱区农业新疆研究院农业科技创新专项 （XJHQNY-2025-3）；国家科技支撑计划项目（2014BAD12B01）；农业农村部农业水资源高效利用重点实验室开放项目（AWR2021002） |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 0 |
| 全文下载次数: 0 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究寒地黑土区玉米不同生育时期、不同器官碳（C）、氮（N）含量和碳、氮稳定同位素组成（δ13C、δ15N）对水分变化的响应规律及其与玉米产量和水分利用效率（WUE）的关系，于2021年开展喷灌玉米大田试验，设置4个灌溉定额（800、700、600、500 m3·hm-2）和3个灌水次数（全生育期灌水4次、3次、2次）。结果表明：增加灌水量可显著提高玉米产量，其中L1处理（全生育期灌水800 m3·hm-2结合4次灌水）产量最高，L2处理（全生育期灌水700 m3·hm-2结合4次灌水）玉米产量仅较L1下降2.82%，但WUE显著提高4.47%。不同灌水次数下，灌溉定额对拔节期、成熟期玉米叶片和茎秆的C含量、N含量、C/N值及δ13C、δ15N值的影响趋势存在显著差异。与茎秆相比，不同生育时期玉米叶片δ13C值显著降低，N含量、δ15N和C/N值均显著降低。随生育时期推进，玉米叶片C含量、N含量及δ13C值呈下降趋势，茎秆C含量、δ15N及C/N值呈上升趋势。相关性分析表明，拔节期叶片C含量、成熟期叶片C/N值以及成熟期茎秆δ15N与玉米产量和WUE的相关性达到显著或极显著水平，可有效指示灌溉处理对玉米生产的影响。基于各时期玉米茎叶碳氮含量和稳定同位素组成的主成分得分构建的回归模型，对WUE的预测值拟合效果（R2=0.9271）优于对产量的拟合效果（R2=0.8837）。综上，玉米全生育期灌水700 m3·hm-2结合4次灌水能在保证高产的同时提高水分利用效率，可作为东北地区玉米节水、增产、增效的适宜栽培措施。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the response of carbon (C) content, nitrogen (N) content, and stable isotope composition (δ13C, δ15N) in different growth stages and different organs of maize to water change and its relationship with yield and water use efficiency (WUE) in the cold black soil region, a field experiment of sprinkler irrigation maize was conducted in 2021. Four irrigation quotas (800, 700, 600, and 500 m3·hm-2) and three irrigation frequencies (two, three, and four events over the growth period) were set. The results showed that the yield of maize was significantly increased by increasing the irrigation amount. The yield of L1 treatment (800 m3·hm-2 irrigation combined with 4 times of irrigation during the whole growth period) was the highest, and the yield of L2 treatment (700 m3·hm-2 irrigation combined with 4 times of irrigation during the whole growth period) was only 2.82% lower than that of L1, but the WUE was significantly increased by 4.47%. Under different irrigation frequencies, the effects of irrigation quota on C content, N content, C/N ratio, δ13C, and δ15N values in leaves and stems of maize at the jointing and maturity stages varied significantly. Compared with the stem, the δ13C values of maize leaves at different growth stages were significantly reduced, and the N content, δ15N, and C/N ratios were significantly reduced. With the advancement of the growth period, the C content, N content, and δ13C values showed a downward trend, while the C content, δ15N, and C/N ratio of stems showed an upward trend. Correlation analysis revealed that leaf C content at the jointing stage, leaf C/N value at the maturity stage, and stem δ15N at the maturity stage were significantly or extremely significantly correlated with maize yield and WUE, which could effectively indicate the effect of irrigation treatments on maize production. Based on the principal component scores of carbon and nitrogen content and stable isotope composition of maize stems and leaves in each period, the regression model was constructed. The fitting effect of the predicted value of WUE (R2= 0.9271) was better than that of yield (R2=0.8837). In summary, the irrigation treatment with 700 m3·hm-2 applied over four irrigation events during the whole growth period of maize can improve WUE while ensuring high yield, which can be used as a suitable cultivation measure for saving water, increasing yield, and increasing efficiency of maize in Northeast China. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| | |