| 冶赓康,俄胜哲,袁金华,赵天鑫,杨云涛,白艳萍,肖娟.城市污泥农用对灌漠土壤磷组分及作物产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2026,(4):291~302 |
| 城市污泥农用对灌漠土壤磷组分及作物产量的影响 |
| Effects of agricultural use of sewage sludge on phosphorus fractions and crop yield in irrigated desert soil |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2026.04.28 |
| 中文关键词: 城市污泥 灌漠土 磷组分 小麦 玉米 长期施肥 |
| 英文关键词:sewage sludge irrigated desert soil phosphorus fractions wheat corn long\|term fertilization |
| 基金项目:甘肃省农业科学院科研条件建设及成果转化项目（2022GAAS39）；国家自然科学基金(41661072) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究不同污泥施用量对土壤磷素特征及作物产量的调控效应，以河西走廊灌漠土壤为研究对象，依托始于2013年的长期田间定位试验，设5个处理：常规施肥、常规施肥+污泥600 kg·hm-2、常规施肥+污泥1 200 kg·hm-2、常规施肥+污泥1 200 kg·hm-2+复种绿肥还田、常规施肥+污泥1 200 kg·hm-2+复种绿肥移除。结果表明：污泥施用可显著提升小麦产量与植株磷含量，对玉米籽粒产量无显著影响，相较于常规施肥处理，污泥处理5 a小麦平均籽粒产量提升17.99%~28.97%，小麦秸秆和籽粒磷含量分别提高30.62%~54.45%、18.00%~28.97%，玉米秸秆磷含量提高6.51%~14.19%。在土壤磷素指标上，污泥施用使土壤全磷和速效磷含量较常规施肥分别提高51.37%~76.25%和80.00%~243.20%，Ca2-P、Ca8-P和Fe-P含量分别提高87.76%~226.52%、69.54%~134.18%和73.17%~176.23%；4个污泥处理间，高量污泥配施绿肥还田处理对土壤速效磷占全磷含量比例提升效果最佳，较常规施肥处理增幅为112.50%。相关性分析表明，Ca8-P对土壤全磷含量的贡献最高（R2=0.821），Ca2-P对土壤速效磷含量的贡献最高（R2=0.966），速效磷含量与小麦产量呈显著正相关关系。综合作物增产与土壤磷素改良效益，常规化肥+1 200 kg·hm-2腐熟污泥+套种毛叶苕子绿肥还田的栽培模式是河西走廊灌漠区的优良施肥模式。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the regulatory effects of different sewage sludge application rates on soil phosphorus characteristics and crop yield, a long\|term field positioning experiment initiated in 2013 was conducted in the irrigated desert soil of the Hexi Corridor. Five treatments were established: conventional fertilization, conventional fertilization + 600 kg·hm-2 sewage sludge, conventional fertilization + 1 200 kg·hm-2 sewage sludge, conventional fertilization + 1 200 kg·hm-2 sewage sludge combined with green manure incorporation, and conventional fertilization + 1 200 kg·hm-2 sewage sludge combined with green manure removal. The results showed that sewage sludge application significantly increased wheat yield and plant phosphorus content, but had no significant effect on corn grain yield. Compared with the conventional fertilization treatment, the 5-year average grain yield of wheat under sewage sludge treatments increased by 17.99%-28.97%, phosphorus content in wheat straw and grain increased by 30.62%-54.45% and 18.00%-28.97%, respectively, and phosphorus content in corn straw increased by 6.51%-14.19%. Regarding soil phosphorus indicators, sewage sludge application increased soil total phosphorus and available phosphorus contents by 51.37%-76.25% and 80.00%-243.20%, respectively, compared with conventional fertilization, and increased Ca2-P, Ca8-P, and Fe-P contents by 87.76%-226.52%, 69.54%-134.18%, and 73.17%-176.23%, respectively. Among the four sludge treatments, the high\|rate sludge combined with green manure incorporation treatment exhibited the best effect on increasing the ratio of available phosphorus to total phosphorus, with an increase of 112.50%, compared with conventional fertilization. Correlation analysis indicated that Ca8-P exhibited the highest contribution to soil total phosphorus content (R2=0.821), while Ca2-P contributed most to soil available phosphorus content (R2=0.966). Available phosphorus content was significantly positively correlated with wheat yield. Considering both crop yield improvement and soil phosphorus amelioration benefits, the cultivation model of conventional fertilization + 1 200 kg·hm-2 decomposed sewage sludge combined with interplanted hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) green manure incorporation represents an optimal fertilization strategy for the irrigated desert area of the Hexi Corridor. |
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