| 高会议,王益权,郭胜利,刘文兆,牛赵群.渭北泥炭资源在栽培基质中的应用研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(1):26~32 |
| 渭北泥炭资源在栽培基质中的应用研究 |
| Application of peat resources to culture mediums in Weibei region of Shaanxi Province |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2009.01.06 |
| 中文关键词: 泥炭 粘土 栽培基质 产量 根冠比 |
| 英文关键词:peat clay culture matrix yields root/ shoot ratio |
| 基金项目:陕西省科技厅科技计划项目(2005K01-G16)；中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目资助(KZCX2-YW-424-2) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 针对人工栽培基质中基质配比问题,采用生物试验的方法,对陕西彬县的泥炭、陕西铜川的油页岩、陕西关中土粘化层土壤,进行不同比例的配合后,再对配合基质设制不同处理,进行作物的室内栽培试验,通过生物量、生物性状(根冠比)、及产量分析来判断基质配比的优劣。研究结果表明:随着泥炭比例的增加,小青菜的产量增加,泥炭量达到一定值后,随着泥炭量的增加,小青菜的产量反而降低;泥炭与<1 mm粘土配合(PS)处理中,PS3处理(泥炭∶粘土为3∶1)小青菜地上部分产量最大;在泥炭与7~10 mm粘土配合(PB)处理中,PB2处理(泥炭∶粘土为2∶1)小青菜地上部分产量最大;对小青菜根系生物量来说,在泥炭和粘土比例较小时,小颗粒粘土处理的根量明显高于大颗粒粘土处理,在泥炭和粘土的比例较大时,大颗粒处理高于小颗粒处理。对油页岩处理而言,在泥炭量较少的配合基质中加入8%的油页岩能起到良好的增产作用;而在泥炭含量较多时,对小青菜产量的影响是负面的;石灰处理对小青菜地上部分产量影响都是负面的,但是对小青菜根系生物量的影响基本是正面的。高温处理对小青菜地上部分产量的影响基本上都是负面的,对小青菜根系的生长也基本是起负作用的。根冠比达到某一适宜值,即作物的根与地上部分的比例适中时,才有益于作物地上部分的生长。试验中小青菜的根冠比为0.04或0.07~0.08时,小青菜的经济产量最大。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to learn artificial cultiv ation substrate compositions，crops w ere planted on different mixed subst rates w hich are made of different proportion of peat in Binxian，oil shale in Tongchuan and clay layer
of Lou soil in middle Shaanxi and treatments were made with some measures. The treat ments are ev aluat ed
through the biomass，root-shoot ratio and yield of the crops. The dissoluble salt content of peat and oil shale is
high. It can dilute salt to append certain amount of clay， but the amount of clay needs to be cont rolled to keep the advantage of peat and oil shale. If it doesn t reduce organic matters, eluviating salt with water is another
choice. Adding some clay can also lessen the acidity of oil shale. In the treatment of small granule clays，the
yield of greengrocery is the highest in the PS3 plan in w hich adding 8% oil shale to the corresponding soil with a low level of peat helps to the greatest growth and, on the contrary，adding lime or in high temperature treat ments. In the treat ment of large granule clays, the yield of greengrocery was the highest in the PB2 plan which is the best cooperative scheme. The yield of root and the greengrocery with the rate of root to cap equaling to 0.03 or between 0.07 to 0.08 was the highest in the PS1 plan. |
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