| 曹玮钊,沈卫强,郭兆峰,马艳,智恒,班婷.棉花秸秆无筛粉碎机的设计与试验[J].干旱地区农业研究,2024,(2):272~283 |
| 棉花秸秆无筛粉碎机的设计与试验 |
| Design and experiment of no\|sieve cotton straw crusher |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2024.02.29 |
| 中文关键词: 棉花秸秆 无筛粉碎机 L改进型锤片 设计 试验 |
| 英文关键词:cotton straw no\|sieve crush L improved hammer blade design experiment |
| 基金项目:新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金（2020D01B37） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 针对棉花秸秆因木质化程度较高、韧性强，还掺有棉絮，在有筛粉碎机粉碎过程中排料困难、筛片易堵塞等问题，设计了一种棉花秸秆无筛粉碎机，通过调整出料口面积来实现粉碎室内气体流量的改变，获得不同粉碎粒度的棉花秸秆成品；对粒度分级装置、粉碎刀辊等主要部件的结构进行了确定；阐述了粉碎过程中棉花秸秆的受力过程，确定了L改进型锤片的关键参数，对机具的L改进型锤片和抛送叶片进行了结构和排列设计。Fluent仿真分析结果表明：L改进型锤片相比直刀型锤片更有利于提高棉花秸秆在粉碎室内的流动性并在粉碎室内部形成更大的负压。以L改进型锤片数量、粉碎刀辊转速、出料口面积为试验因素，以棉花秸秆粉碎粒径合格率为试验指标，进行三因素三水平正交试验，确定影响棉花秸秆粉碎粒径合格率显著性的因素由大到小分别为：粉碎刀辊转速、出料口面积和L改进型锤片数量。确定较优参数组合为L改进型锤片数量140把，粉碎刀辊转速2 660 r·min-1，出料口面积136 500 mm2。采用较优参数组合进行样机田间试验，测得棉花秸秆粉碎粒径合格率为93.7%，能够满足棉花秸秆粉碎机实际生产需要。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The current crushing process of the sieve crusher had difficulties in discharging and easy to block problems due to the high degree of cotton straw lignification, strong toughness, and mixing with cotton wool. In this study, a new type of no\|sieve cotton straw crusher was designed. By adjusting the area of the discharge outlet, the change of the gas flow in the crushing chamber was achieved to obtain different crushing particle size of the finished product of the cotton straw. The structure of particle size classification device, crushing knife roller and other major components were determined. The force process of cotton straw in the crushing process was described, and the key parameters of L improved hammer blade were determined. The structure and arrangement design of the L improved hammer blade and throwing blade was carried out. The results of Fluent simulation analysis showed that the L improved hammer blades were more conducive to improving the mobility of cotton straw in the crushing chamber and forming a larger negative pressure inside the crushing chamber than the straight blade hammer blades. Taking the number of L improved hammer blades, crushing knife roller speed, and outlet area as the test factors, and the qualified rate of cotton straw crushing particle size as the test indexes, a three\|factor three\|level orthogonal test was conducted, the significance of the impact on the qualified rate of cotton straw crushing particle size from the largest to the smallest were the crushing knife roller speed, outlet area, the number of L improved hammers. The more optimal parameter combination were determined to be 140 L improved hammers, 2 660 r·min-1 the speed of crushing spindle, and 136 500 mm2 the area of outlet. Using the optimal parameter combination for field test, the qualified rate of cotton straw crushing particle size was 93.7%, which met the actual production needs of cotton straw crusher. |
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