半干旱区坐水播种条件下玉米高产栽培措施研究

冯良山; 孙占祥; 曹敏建; 侯志研; 惠成章; 刘洋; 李金凤

冯良山,孙占祥,曹敏建,侯志研,惠成章,刘洋,李金凤.半干旱区坐水播种条件下玉米高产栽培措施研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(1):73~77

半干旱区坐水播种条件下玉米高产栽培措施研究

Study on maize optimal cultivation measures under bed-irrigating sowing condition in semiarid area

DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2009.01.15

中文关键词: 玉米坐水播种高产栽培半干旱区

英文关键词:maize bed-irrigating sowing high-yielding cultivation semiarid area

基金项目:“十一五”国家科技支撑计划重点项目(2006BAD29B06)；农业部948项目(2006-G52A-Q01)；国家粮丰工程项目(2004BA520A11)；辽宁省科技攻关课题(2007212001)

作者	单位
冯良山	College of Agronomy Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110161,China；Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang,Liaoning 110161,China
孙占祥	Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang,Liaoning 110161,China
曹敏建	College of Agronomy Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110161,China
侯志研	Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang,Liaoning 110161,China
惠成章	Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang,Liaoning 110161,China
刘洋	Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang,Liaoning 110161,China
李金凤	Shenyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang,Liaoning 110034,China

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中文摘要:

采用五因素(1/2)二次回归旋转组合设计,研究了坐水播种条件下,坐水量、氮肥、磷肥、钾肥和密度对玉米产量的影响,建立了产量模型。结果表明,各因素对产量的作用大小顺序为氮肥>坐水量≈磷肥>钾肥>密度;在各因素编码水平为最低时,磷肥的起始增产速率最大,其次为氮肥,坐水量、钾肥和密度分列第三、四、五位;随着因素水平的提高,各因素的增产速率均下降,下降的快慢顺序为磷肥>密度≈氮肥>坐水量>钾肥;当坐水量为46.25 t/hm²、氮肥(N)为327.68 kg/hm²、磷肥(P₂O₅)为149.10 kg/hm²、钾肥(K₂O)为189.24 kg/hm²、密度为71 172.00株/hm²,产量可达14 059.62 kg/hm²;玉米产量大于10 560 kg/hm²的主要农艺措施为:坐水量为41~54 t/hm²,氮肥(N)用量为276~348 kg/hm²,磷肥(P₂O₅)用量为145~165 kg/hm²,钾肥(K₂O)用量为166~217 kg/hm²,种植密度为64 728~72 726株/hm²。

英文摘要:

The effects of water amount, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potasium fertilizer and density in maize bed-irrigating sowing were studied through the design of 5-factor (1/2) orthogonal regression rotational combination.The weighing on effect of yield in different factors was nitrogenous fertilizer>water amount≈phosphate fertilizer>potasium fertilizer>density.When all factors at low-level, the yield-increasing rate at beginning was phosphate fertilizer>nitrogenous fertilizer>water amount>potasium fertilizer>density.Along with the level of factors heightened, the yield-increasing rate was inching down, the velocity sequence was phosphate fertilizer>density≈nitrogenous fertilizer>water amount>potasium fertilizer.When the water amount was 46.25 t/hm², the nitrogenous fertilizer (N) was 327.68 kg/hm², the phosphate fertilizer (P₂O₅) was 149.10 kg/hm², the potasium fertilizer (K₂O) was 189.24 kg/hm², the density was 71 172.00 plants/hm², the tiptop yield was 14 059.62 kg/hm².The optimal cultivation measures for yield above 10 560 kg/hm² were as follows: the water amount of 41～54 t/hm², the nitrogenous fertilizer (N) of 276～348 kg/hm², the phosphate fertilizer (P₂O₅) of 145～165 kg/hm², the potasium fertilizer (K₂O) of 166～217 kg/hm², the density of 64 728～72 726 plants/hm².

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