张凯,冯起,吕永清,张勃,司建华,王润元.民勤湖区表层土壤养分的空间异质性[J].干旱地区农业研究,2013,31(1):127~132
民勤湖区表层土壤养分的空间异质性
Spatial heterogeneity of surface soil nutrients in Minqin lake area
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2013.01.24
中文关键词:  表层土壤  养分  空间异质性  地统计学  民勤湖区
英文关键词:surface soil  nutrient  spatial heterogeneity  geostat istics  Minqin lake area
基金项目:甘肃省自然科学基金项目(3ZS061-A25-009)；国家公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY200806021,GYHY201106029)；干旱气象科学研究基金项目(IA M201206)；甘肃省气象局第二批”青年优秀人才”基金
作者单位
张凯 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室， 中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室， 甘肃 兰州 730020； 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 甘肃 兰州 730000 
冯起 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 甘肃 兰州 730000 
吕永清 西北师范大学 地理与环境科学学院, 甘肃 兰州 730070 
张勃 西北师范大学 地理与环境科学学院, 甘肃 兰州 730070 
司建华 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 甘肃 兰州 730000 
王润元 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室， 中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室， 甘肃 兰州 730020 
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中文摘要:
      利用地统计学方法研究了民勤绿洲湖区表层土壤养分碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾的空间异质性。结果表明:绿洲、过渡带和荒漠三种景观下表层土 壤中氮磷钾含量都呈现出“丰氮、富钾、贫磷”的特征；碱解氮与速效磷的变异系数在绿洲 区最小，荒漠区最大，而速效钾在荒漠区最小，过渡带最大，但都属于中等变异；从绿洲到 荒漠，碱解氮、速效磷呈U型分布特征，而速效钾为倒U型分布特征。碱解氮的最佳拟合模 型为Exponential，速效磷为PentaspHerical，速效钾为Tetrasherical；氮和磷的富集区 位于绿洲区，而速效钾在过渡带上出现富集中心。土壤的养分元素含量除了与成土母质的元 素有关外，人类活动的影响也是非常重要的因素。
英文摘要:
      By using the methods of geostatistics, the spatial heterogeneity of available N, available P and available K in surface soils in M inqin lake area was studied. The results indicated that soil N and K were rich b ut soil P was poor over the three landscapes of oasis, desert and transitional b elt. The variation coefficient of soil available N and P was the smallest in oas is area and the biggest in desert area, while that of soil available K was the s mallest in desert area and the biggest in oasis desert transitional belt. Soil nutrients in the study area wholly exhibited moderate spatial variability. The s oil available N and P presented a U shaped distribution pattern, and the soil available K presented an inverse U shaped distribution pattern from oasis to de sert. Available N, P and K fitted well to Exponential model, PentaspHerical mode l and Tetrasherical model, respectively. The enriched zone of available N and P was located in oasis area, whereas that of available K was located in oasis-dese rt transitional belt. The soil nutrient contents were related not only to the el ements of parent rocks, but also to the impact of human activities.
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