| 仵峰,张梦瑶,宰松梅,罗昕,冯雪芳,刘生东.秸秆复合管断裂方式对其水力性能的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2022,40(6):116~123 |
| 秸秆复合管断裂方式对其水力性能的影响 |
| Influence of fracture mode of stalk composite pipe on its hydraulic performance |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2022.06.13 |
| 中文关键词: 秸秆复合管 地下灌溉 断裂 压力水头 渗水速率 |
| 英文关键词:stalk composite pipe (SCP) subsurface irrigation fracture pressure head seepage rate |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(51979108) ；中原科技创新领军人才项目(194200510008) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 探究断裂方式对秸秆复合管过水性能的影响对于推广秸秆复合管灌溉的机械化应用具有重要意义。2020年11月至2021年4月以秸秆复合管为试验材料，在室内进行了秸秆复合管自由出流试验，试验处理为完整秸秆复合管(D0) 、间距1 cm的斜切(45°) 断裂(D1) 、间距1 cm的直切断裂(D2) ，初步研究水流能否通过断口；在田间进行了地埋秸秆复合管性能试验，以断裂方式(斜切(45°) 、直切、自由(折断)) 、工作压力(30、50、70 cm水头) 和供水量(30、40、50 L) 设计了3因素3水平的正交试验，并以地埋完整秸秆复合管(CK1) 为对照，探究秸秆复合管断裂方式对其水力性能的影响。结果表明：自由出流条件下，D1、D2处理较D0的压力水头47.9 cm分别降低了11.6、14.4 cm，两个处理大小关系为D2＜D1。说明断裂方式上，直切比斜切(45°) 影响大。地埋出流条件下，不同断裂方式的秸秆复合管内压力分布大小关系为直切＜斜切(45°)＜自由(折断) ；渗水速率大小关系为斜切(45°) ＞直切＞自由(折断) 。与直切和斜切(45°)相比，自由断裂对水流通过断口时的影响较小。秸秆复合管地埋后，管内压力随工作压力的增加呈倒U形分布，表明工作压力增大到一定程度(试验中大于50 cm水头) 时，断口处水流增大，甚至出现管涌，管内压力不升反降，断口前后的水流连续性变差。综合分析，秸秆复合管的断口间距控制在1 cm以内，工作压力选用50 cm水头对秸秆复合管的水力性能影响不大，可实现其灌溉性能。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The study on the influence of fracture mode on the water\|carrying capacity of stalk composite pipe (SCP) is of great significance for the promotion of the mechanized SCP irrigation. With the SCP being the experimental material, the free discharge experiment was carried out in the laboratory from November 2020 to April 2021 to preliminary investigate whether the water would flow through the fracture; The treatments were as follows: the complete SCP (D0) , the inclined cut (45°) fracture with 1 cm spacing (D1) and the straight cut fracture with 1 cm spacing (D2) . A orthogonal experiment with three factors at three levels was designed with fracture modes including inclined cut (45°), straight cut and free cut (broken) , working pressure including water head of 30, 50 cm and 70 cm and water supply including 30, 40 and 50 L. Meanwhile, with the buried complete SCP as the control group, a field experiment was conducted to test the performance of the buried SCP to investigate the influence of fracture mode of the SCP on its hydraulic performance. The results were as follows: Under the condition of free discharge, the head pressure of D1 and D2 treatment decreased by 11.6 and 14.4 cm respectively compared with that of D0 treatment (47.9 cm) . The two treatments were ranked as: D2＜D1, meaning that the influence of straight cut was bigger than that of inclined cut (45°) . Under the condition of buried discharge, pressure distribution in SCP with different fracture modes were ranked as: straight cut < inclined cut (45°) < free cut (broken); water seepage rates were ranked as: inclined cut (45°) ＞straight cut＞ free cut (broken) . Compared with straight cut and inclined cut (45°) , the free cut (broken)had less influence on the flow running through the fracture. When SCP was buried under the ground, the pressure in the pipe was distributed as an inverted U with the increase of working pressure. It showed that with the working pressure increasing to a certain extent (more than 50 cm in the experiment) , the water flow at the fracture increased, or even produced a piping, the pressure in the pipe decreases instead of increasing, and the continuity of flow gets worse before and after the fracture. To sum up, the fracture spacing of the SCP should be controlled within 1 cm, and the working pressure should be 50 cm water head, which had little influence on the hydraulic performance of the SCP and guaranteed its irrigation performance. |
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