| From the viewpoint of grain production and food security, the achievements of grain production in China during the past half century were summarized. It was indicated that: ① the total grain yield of China was increased rapidly and approached to a quarter of total grain yield of the world; ② the grain yield per capita of China reached and exceeded the average level of the world; ③ because the crop yield and total output increased remarkably, the acreage of grain crops was stabilized and decreased slightly, which caused a possibility for cropping structure optimization and farmers' economic increase. However, the grain production of China has decreased since 2000 as a result of the following reasons: ① the pressure of “population-resources-environment”; ② the changes of grain production situation in north and south China; ③ the continuous increase of cash crops acreage and decrease of grain crops acreage; ④ the price changes of agricultural products in international markets, and so on. Hereby, the safeguard measures for grain production development and food security in China should be taken as follows: ① the policy guarantee for grain production; ② the grain production development stratagem; ③ the multiple and sequential cropping; ④ the innovation of science and technology; ⑤ the increase of investment. |