Based on the ten-years experimental and statistical data in arid area，semi-arid area and semi-arid and semi-humid area in Tianshui City，Gansu Province，the development level of potential productivity of natural precipitation on drylands has been analyzed，and the moderate development countermeasures of potential productivity in different areas have been put forward．The paper may provide scientific basis for the sustainable development of agriculture on drylands in Tianshui．