| The situation of drought and agricultural production on the arid area of the Loess Plateau in the middle and east Gansu Province was expatiated, and the effects of the interaction between drought and agronomic planting structure on drought-resistant ability of cropland system were also analyzed.The results showed that the drought-resistant farming system must be based on the rational crop system, the farmland conservation system and efficient rainwater utilization, including diverse crop system, straw-returning, rational crop rotation, ridge-furrow planting, dual mulching and minimum tillage and no-tillage, to harmonize the relationship between agricultural yield and ecology, and then to use water and soil resources sustainably on the area, and furthermore, to achieve the target of drought-resistance and continuous increment of agricultural yield. |