半干旱区夏闲期不同耕作方式对土壤水分及小麦水分利用效率的影响

侯贤清; 韩清芳; 贾志宽; 李永平; 杨宝平

Effects of different tillage practices in summer fallow period on soil water and crop water use efficiency in sem-i arid areas

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DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2009.05.10

Key Words: semi-arid area tillage practice soil moisture water use efficiency winter wheat

Author Name	Affiliation
HOU Xianqing	The Arid and Sem-i arid Areas Research Center of Agriculture， Yangling， Shaanxi 712100， China；Key Laboratory of Crop Production and Ecology Chinese Ministry of Agriculture Northwest A ＆F University， Yangling， Shaanxi 712100， China
HAN Qingfang	The Arid and Sem-i arid Areas Research Center of Agriculture， Yangling， Shaanxi 712100， China；Key Laboratory of Crop Production and Ecology Chinese Ministry of Agriculture Northwest A ＆F University， Yangling， Shaanxi 712100， China
JIA Zhikuan	The Arid and Sem-i arid Areas Research Center of Agriculture， Yangling， Shaanxi 712100， China；Key Laboratory of Crop Production and Ecology Chinese Ministry of Agriculture Northwest A ＆F University， Yangling， Shaanxi 712100， China
LI Yongping	Guyuan Institute of Agricultural Sciences，Guyuan， Ningxia 756000， China
YANG Baoping	The Arid and Sem-i arid Areas Research Center of Agriculture， Yangling， Shaanxi 712100， China；Key Laboratory of Crop Production and Ecology Chinese Ministry of Agriculture Northwest A ＆F University， Yangling， Shaanxi 712100， China

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Abstract:

Study on the subsoiling tillage (ST) , no-tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT) on soil water and water use efficiency of aftercrop winter wheat in the flat field during the summer fallow period was conducted in southern Ningxia semi-arid area.The result showed that the subsoiling and conventional tillage could save soil water effectively to rainfall during summer fallow period, so as to enhance soil water storage before sowing.Compared with no-tillage, the infiltration rate of subsoiling and conventional tillage to mainten soil water was extremely significant, and the subsoiling was higher than conventional tillage by 0.97%.During summer terminal stage, the soil water storage of the subsoiling (310.78 mm) in 0～200 cm soil layer was higher than both conventional tillage and no-tillage, which is 8.23 mm and 1.61 mm respectively.Compared with conventional tillage, the soil water could be improved by subsoiling and no-tillage during seedlings period of winter wheat.Subsoiling and no-tillage also advantage to winter wheat during wintering period in the depth of 0～60 cm.During seedling stage, the soil water in 0～200 cm soil layer could be increased by subsoiling (35.9 mm) and no-tillage (28.8 mm) , which was higher than conventional tillage control.During aftercrop winter wheat seedlings, the major influence of different tillage treatments to soil water was in the depth of 0～80 cm.During winter wheat regreening stage, the soil water storage had been increased by rainfall in 0～80 cm soil layer.The difference among the three treatments was decreased.During summer fallow period, the subsoiling enhanced effectively, the capacity of both saving soil water and winter wheat soil water storage of dry land in the depth of 0～200 cm before sowing and during the peorid of the main growth stage.Among different tillage treatments, the highest yield of winter wheat was the treatment of conventional tillage in summer fallow period which reached 3 475.9 kg·hm^-2 and there was no obvious difference between conventional tillage and subsoiling (3 322.0 kg·hm^-2) .The best treatment in the aspect of water use efficiency was conventional tillage, and the following was subsoiling, which were 14.12 kg·hm^-2·mm^-1 and 13.62 kg·hm^-2·mm^-1 respectively, while no-tillage droped to 10.64 kg·hm^-2·mm^-1 , significantly lower than the other two.