干热河谷坡地果园灌溉覆盖方式的抗旱节水效应分析

米艳华; 陆琳; 黎其万; 陈艺棋; 段曰汤; 杨顺林; 朱红业

Analysis of effects of different modes of irrigation and mulching on water-saving and drought-resistance in sloping orchards of dry-hot valley

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DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2011.02.11

Key Words: dry hot valley jujube orchard irrigation mulching water-saving and drought-resistance

Author Name	Affiliation
MI Yanhua	Institute of Agricultural Quality Standard &. Testing Technique，Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Kunming 650223, China
LU Lin	Institute of Agricultural Quality Standard &. Testing Technique，Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Kunming 650223, China
LI Qiwan	Institute of Agricultural Quality Standard &. Testing Technique，Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Kunming 650223, China
CHEN Yiqi	Institute of Tropical Eco-agricultural Sciences, Yuanmou 651300，China
DUAN Yue tang	Institute of Tropical Eco-agricultural Sciences, Yuanmou 651300，China
YANG Shunlin	Institute of Tropical Eco-agricultural Sciences, Yuanmou 651300，China
ZHU Hongye	Devision of Scientific Research Management，Yunnan Acadeny of Agricultural Sciences，Kunming 65023， China

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Abstract:

In jujube orchards of the slope area in the dry-hot valley of Jinsha River, six modes of irrigation and mulching were set in the experiment，namely flood irrigation in bare land(CK)， furrow irrigation with straw buried in straight ditches, furrow irrigation with straw buried in mesh ditches, flood irrigation with plants covering, flood irrigation with soil surface straw mulching，and furrow irrigation with straw buried in straight ditch+soil surface straw mulching. The results show that，for soil conservation and water storage capacity，flood irrigation with soil surface straw mulching is better than furrow irrigation with straw buried in straight ditches，and much better than CK. As for rrigation water use efficiency and economic benefit, furrow irrigation with straw buried in straight ditches and furrow irrigation with straw buried in mesh ditches>flood irrigation with straw or plants covering＞flood irrigation in bare land. The frequency of furrow irrigation with straw buried in straight ditch+soil surface straw mulching is the lowest，less than 28.6% of that of ck，while its water use efficiency is 6. 7 times of the ck. The order of water-saving eficiency is furrow irrigation with straw buried in straight ditch +soil suface straw mulching furrow irrigation with straw buried in mesh ditches≥ flood irrigation with soil surface straw mulching>furrow irrigation with straw buried in straight ditches ≥flood irrigation with plants coveringCK. Furrow irrigation with straw buried in straight ditch+soil surface straw mulching has the best economic benefit， then followed by furrow irrigation with straw buried in mesh ditches, and they are 2.36 and 2.16 times of that of ck, while their output/ input ratio are 1.9 and 1.8 times of that of ck. All these indicate that furrow irrigation with straw buried in straight ditch plus soil surface straw mulching can make irrigation water fully infiltrate into soil, reduce suface runoff and evaporation, improve soil water storage capacity， so as to improve irigat ion water use efficiency and orchard economic benefits.