| Upon the implementation of multiple cultivation practices on wheat and field pea including traditional farming (T), no-till (NT) and conventional tillage with straw returned (TS), no-till with straw cover (NTS), conventional tillage mulching film (TP), and no-till with plastic film mulching (NTP), emergy theory and method were used to analyze the input and output values of emergy, the net emergy output ratio, the emergy investment ration, and the macro economic values. The results showed that under the same farming and planting practice, the emergy input of wheat was more than that of pea, whereas the emergy output of peawas five times greater than that of the wheat and the macroeconomic value from pea was far bigger than wheat. In addition, under different farming methods, it was found thatthe netemergy output ratios with no-till treatment were greater in both wheat and pea than those with the cultivation treatment. Because the input costs of the human labors and machinery services using three modes of traditional farming was far higher than those using three modes of no-till cultivation, the total emergy input with cultivation was therefore greater than that without. It was further uncovered that under no-till farming with straw mul
ching treatment, the net emergy outputs and the macroeconomic values of wheat and pea reached their maximums, 0.64, 3.93, 9.26, and 53.1 respectively. The above results indicated that theno-till farming with straw mulching treatment could not only minimize the input costs, but also increase production, achieving the optimal ecological economic benefits. |