| Mechanismtic study on the super-high-yield characteristic of cotton in southern Xinjiang |
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| DOI：10.16302/j.cnki.1000-7601.2015.02.006 |
| Key Words: cotton super high yield mechanism nutrient distributions Xinjiang |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | LOU Shan-wei | 国家棉花工程技术研究中心, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830092 | | PA ER HA TI·Mai-mai-ti | 国家棉花工程技术研究中心, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830092 | | WANG Xin-jiang | 国家棉花工程技术研究中心, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830092 | | YANG Tao | 新疆农业科学研究院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830092 | | ZHANG Peng-zhong | 国家棉花工程技术研究中心, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830092 | | ZHAO Xiao-yi | 国家棉花工程技术研究中心, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830092 | | HE Hong | 国家棉花工程技术研究中心, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830092 | | MA Teng-fei | 国家棉花工程技术研究中心, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830092 | | BIAN Yang | 国家棉花工程技术研究中心, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830092 | | ZHANG Ju-song | 新疆农业大学, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830092 |
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| Abstract: |
| To explore mechanism and related indexes of the super high yield(9 000 kg·hm-2) of seed cotton in the South of Xinjiang area, research was conducted in fields that displayed super high yield, high yield and medium yield, respectively, and the resulting data was collected for further analysis. The results showed that to achieve super high yield, the primary requirement was to have basic soil fertility, with organic matter content exceeding 10 g·kg-1, and appropriate planting density of 18×104～21×104 plants·hm-2. Also, a suitable plant type was needed, with an optimal plant height around 65～75 cm, astem diameter close to 10 mm, and fruit branches of 9～10. It was further noticed that proper distributions of bolls from upper, middle and lower portions of fruit branch were 3.2∶4.7∶2.1 longitudinally, and the ratio between the first horizontal fruit section and the second was 7∶3. Additionally from flowering to peak stage of boll, LAI, SPAD and Pn maintained high levels, reaching the maximums at peak stage of boll, and then slowing down at later stages. Moreover, for nitrogen phosphorus potassium distributions, there were little differences atearly stage. The reproductive growth had been enhanced at flower-boll stage. In particular, NPK ratio became significantly increased in bud, flower and boll until boll opening. Dry matter in flower buds and bolls processed through super high yield was significantly at least 8% more than others. The dry weight of flower buds and bolls reached 6402 kg·hm-2 at boll opening stage. To achieve production goals, the followings may all be taken into considerations, including referencing to indexes of abovementioned data to model a healthy plant type, coordinating the spatial distributions of cotton bolls, maintaining high and long photosynthetic rate, reducing LAI and SPAD descending speed, promoting reproductive growth, and balancing reasonable distributions of nutrients. |
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