| The relationship between root distribution of apple and soil physical properties by different ground covering approaches |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2016.02.14 |
| Key Words: coverage soil moisture soil physical properties root distribution fine roots root length and density |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | SUN Wen-tai | Institute of Forestry, Fruits and Floriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | DONG Tie | Institute of Forestry, Fruits and Floriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | LIU Xing-lu | Institute of Forestry, Fruits and Floriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | ZHAO Ming-xin | Institute of Forestry, Fruits and Floriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | YIN Xiao-ning | Institute of Forestry, Fruits and Floriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | NIU Jun-qiang | Institute of Forestry, Fruits and Floriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China | | MA Ming | Institute of Forestry, Fruits and Floriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Twelve years old Red Fuji apple trees were used as materials to investigate the effects of different mulching measures (mulching, straw mulching, covering sand) on apple fine root (diameter ≤2 mm) and soil properties in rain-fed highland of the Loess Plateau. The results indicated that ground covering treatment reduced soil bulk density, increased soil moisture and porosity. Accordingly, root growth was also changed. Ground covering treatment increased number of fine roots, which implied high efficiency of nutrient absorption. The horizontal root distribution within 0～90 cm from the trunk by mulching treatment was similar to clean tillage (CK). The vertical distribution of fine roots became concentrated at the depth of 40 cm, rather than 60 cm in the CK. 36.06% of fine roots were distributed at the 0～20 cm soil layer. Straw mulching and sand covering expanded the range of horizontal distribution from 90 cm to 120 cm and vertical distribution evenly throughout the soil profile, which benefits the absorption of water and fertilizer from deep soil. A highly significant correlation was found between soil physical properties and root length, surface area and root length density of absorbing roots. Root diameter and the ratio of root length were also found to be closely related to soil physical properties in the mulching treatment. As a result, considering the root distribution and soil physical properties, straw mulching is recommended for apple orchards in dry area of eastern Gansu. |
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