| Effects of meteorological factors on yield traits of maize (Zea mays L.) in Heilongjiang during various sowing seasons |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2016.03.21 |
| Key Words: Maize (Zea mays L.) interval sowing meteorological factor yield |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | HAN Yi-qiang | College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agriculture University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China | | GAO Ya-mei | College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agriculture University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China | | ZHENG Dian-feng | College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agriculture University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China | | Du Ji-dao | College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agriculture University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Differences in climatic conditions under which crops are grown during various growth seasons affects development and yield of maize. A three-year field experiment was conducted to assess the relationship between yield related traits and meteorological factors at each growth stage in Lindian County of Heilongjiang Province from 2012 to 2014, and the Zhedan 37 (early maturity, 113 d), Xianyu 335 (early maturity, 118 d) and Zhengdan 958 (medium-maturity, 120 d) of three maize varieties were sown during three sowing reasons. The results showed that sowing date had effects on three maize varieties, and the effects on early maturing variety were most significant. Sowing date mainly affected ear length, bald tip and 100-kernel weight leading to the change of maize yield, and the biggest contributor was 100-kernel weight with a total effect value of 0.847, followed by ear length with a total effect value of 0.840. However, bald tip had a negative correlation with yield, showing a total effect value of -0.213. Furthermore, yield traits and climatic conditions correlation analysis showed that the maize yield had a significant positive correlation with average daily temperature and precipitation from tasseling stage to maturity stage. So, the study has shown that early sowing at appropriate time improved yield for medium maturing maize in the western region of Heilongjiang by increasing average daily temperature and accumulated temperature. Suitable late sowing for early maturing maize can avoid spring drought, cold damage and other natural disasters in early spring. The result of PLS-PM (Partial Least Square Path Modeling) analysis indicated that sowing date had a direct effect (0.763) on yield, and had an indirect effect on yield by interacting with meteorological factors and soil condition at each growth stage. Above all, temperature and precipitation from tasseling stage to maturity stage are the most important meteorological factors for maize yield in the western region of Heilongjiang, and irrigation during these stages will contribute to high and stable yields. |
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