| Effects of maize straw return on yield and soil nitrate accumulation in different growth stages of winter wheat |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2016.06.24 |
| Key Words: winter wheat maize straw return nitrogen fertilizer nitrate grain yield |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | LI Xiao | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | LI Ya-xin | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | ZHANG Juan-xia | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | HUANG Dong-lin | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | ZHENG Xian-feng | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | WANG Zhao-hui | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Field experiments were carried out to investigate the combined effect of nitrogen (N) fertilization and maize straw return on winter wheat yield and soil nitrate accumulation at different growth stages of wheat. Split plot design was used in the experiment. The main treatments were straw return (N+S) and straw removal (S), and the subplot treatments were five levels of N fertilizer application (N 0, 84, 168, 252 kg·hm-2 and 336 kg·hm-2). The results showed that, wheat yield was decreased for maize straw return treatments when N rate was low, while they were increased under high N rate, and increased 9.5%, 2.1% and 7.0%, 5.6% under 252 kg·hm-2 and 336 kg·hm-2, respectively, compared with the maize straw removal treatments. The soil nitrate was mainly accumulated in 0～40 cm soil layer at tillering stage of wheat, and the accumulation was increased for the straw return treatments when N rate was higher than 84 kg·hm-2. But at wheat re-greening stage, the soil nitrate accumulation in the 0～20 cm soil layer was decreased compared with that at the tillering stage for both maize straw return and removal treatments. Meanwhile, straw return treatments decreased it compared with straw removal treatments. The results of three-year-field experiment at Zhouzhi county indicated that the soil nitrate accumulation in 0～2 m soil layers at wheat harvest was higher for the straw return treatments and it significantly increased by 43.4% for the non-nitrogen fertilization treatment compared to no straw return. The effects of straw return on wheat yield and soil nitrate accumulation were associated with N fertilization rate. Straw return caused available N deficiency for wheat before the N top-dressing at re-greening stage when N rate was low, resulting in lower wheat grain yield. Maize straw return lasting three years increased the soil nitrate accumulation in 0～2 m soil layers at wheat harvesting stage, decreasing nitrate leaching. |
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