| N recommendation and decreasing usage of nitrogen and enhanced ammonium for maize under drip irrigation condition |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2017.01.12 |
| Key Words: water and nitrogen integrated management N application rate decreasing usage of nitrogen and enhanced ammonium nitrogen use efficiency maize under drip irrigation |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | XIA Wen-hao | College of Agronomy, Shihezi University/Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecological Agriculture of Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China | | LIU Tao | College of Agronomy, Shihezi University/Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecological Agriculture of Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China | | TANG Cheng | College of Agronomy, Shihezi University/Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecological Agriculture of Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China | | WANG Jin | Wulanwusu Agro-meteorological Experiment Station, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China | | CHU Gui-xin | College of Agronomy, Shihezi University/Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecological Agriculture of Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China |
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| Abstract: |
| In order to put forward an optimizing N fertilizer application strategy that achieves higher maize production as well as N utilization efficiency synchronously, two-year field plot experiment was carried out in crop growth season of 2013 and 2014. The amount of N was calculated according to the response curve of corn yield to N rates. Meanwhile, the influence of enhanced ammonium nutrition on maize dry weight accumulation, N uptake and maize production were also determined under fertigation condition. Results showed that maize yield, dry matter quantity and N uptake were significantly increased with nitrogen rate increasing from 225 kg·hm-2 to 435 kg·hm-2, and then decreased when N fertilizer application rate beyond 540 kg·hm-2. Generally, these traits variation order as N435>N540>N330>N225>N0. Furthermore, based on the obtained reasonable N recommendation rate in 2013, nitrapyrin was added with urea to regulate the supply ratio of NH4+/NO3-(i.e. enhanced ammonium nutrition), it was found that all above mentioned traits variation trend as N375+CP>N375>75% N375+CP>N0 in 2014. When nitrogen rate was at 330～435 kg·hm-2, there were no significant differences across all N treatments for both maize N uptake and N harvest index, indicating no negative influence either on dry mater, N uptake or maize yield even if the N recommendation rate reduced by 25% and plus nitrapyrin. According to the response curve of maize yield to N application rates, the optimizing economic yield of 17 049 kg·hm-2 was achieved at N application rate of 402.5 kg·hm-2. Moreover, Grains per spike and single panicle weight were significantly increased by N fertilizer and nitrapyrin amendment. N fertilizer partial productivity and N using efficiency were decreased with increasing N application rates, and the order of nitrogen use efficiency in deferent treatments was N225(46.6%)>N33045.8%)>N435(43.6%)>N540(34.6%). The greatest values for N partial productivity and N using efficiency were observed for 75% N375+CP treatment, and these increased by 31.4% and 27.9% for N partial productivity, increased by 5.8% and 6.4% for N using efficiency, respectively, compared with the N application rates ranges from 330～435 kg·hm-2, supporting that maize nitrogen use efficiency could be significantly improved by reducing N recommendation rate by 25% coupling with enhancing ammonium via nitrapyrin in drip irrigated condition. Overall, the optimizing N recommendation rate was 402.5 kg·hm-2 in drip irrigation agriculture in the area of northern Tianshan mountain. Moreover, through urea in combination with nitrapyrin repeated supply, significantly higher N using efficiency could be obtained and the amount of 93.8 kg·hm-2 could be saved, and thus, this fertilization pattern could regarded as an optimizing strategy for N management in fertigation system. |
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