| Effects of different ridging and mulching measures on soil physical properties and yield of spring maize in hilly area of central Sichuan basin |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2017.02.06 |
| Key Words: ridge planting film mulching soil water content soil temperature spring maize hilly area of central Sichuan Basin |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | XIE Meng-lin | Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China | | ZHA Li | Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China | | GUO Ping | Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China | | WANG Xing-long | Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China | | MA Xiao-jun | Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China | | YUAN Ji-chao | Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China | | KONG Fan-lei | Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Maize is one of the main grain crops in the hilly area of central Sichuan basin. However its spring maize production is constrained by low temperature and drought during the early growth stage. Plastic film mulching is an effective practice to improve soil temperature, soil water content and crop yield in rain-fed farming area. A field experiment was conducted with the aim to identify the effects of different ridging and mulching measures on soil physical properties soil temperature, soil water content, soil bulk density, soil porosity, soil capillary porosity and spring maize yield. The trial was a random block design with 3 replications and 4 treatments which included ridge planting with plastic film mulching (A1B1), flat planting with plastic film mulching (A1B2), ridge planting with no plastic film mulching (A2B1), flat planting with no plastic film mulching (A2B2). The results showed that film mulching effectively reduced the evaporation loss of soil water of topsoil(0～20 cm) during maize seedling and jointing stage and thus improved its soil water content which significantly improved the soil temperature at 0～20 cm soil layer during the early growth stage as well. Ridge planting reduced soil bulk density, increased soil total porosity and capillary porosity in topsoil (0～20 cm).Ridge planting had more marked effects in promoting improvement of the soil hydrothermal condition and physical structure when combined with film mulching. Compared with no plastic film mulching treatment, film mulching treatment significantly improved maize ear length, ear diameter, grains per spike, 100-grains weight, and reduced barren tip, and its maize yield increased by an average of 20.2%. The effects of ridge planting on maize ear traits and yield depended on mulching or not. When under
mulching, ridge planting significantly improved the grains per spike, reduced the barren tip, and its maize yield increased by 7.7% compared with flat planting; on the contrary, when under no mulching condition, ridge planting significantly reduced the grains per spike, increased the barren tip, maize yield reduced by 12.6% compared with flat planting. Correlation analysis revealed that maize yield had a significant positive correlation with soil temperature, soil water content in early growth stage. The results indicated that ridge planting with plastic film mulching treatment significantly improved the yield of maize by increasing the early soil temperature and soil water content and improving the soil physical structure, it may be considered one of the most efficient measures for high-yield spring maize cultivation in the hilly area of central Sichuan Basin. |
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