| Akesu River Irrigation Area, based on a comprehensive survey on the agriculture and fruit industry, was classified into 7 landscape elements at the first level and 19 landscape elements at the second level. According to the result of the year 1998, 2002, 2006, 2010, and 2014 obtained from the remote sensing images of Landsat and 8 selected landscape indexes, the research was carried out in the following aspects: characteristic analysis on the land use status, dynamic change of plantation structure and its driving forces. The results show: (1) In the year of 2014, the cultivated area 585852 hm2, accounted for 26.51% of total area, where the main types of crop were cotton, rice, winter wheat, corn and potato; the garden area 300659 hm2, accounted for 13.60% of total area, where the main types of fruits were walnut, jujube, apple and grape. (2) The area of forest land, other lands and water didn't change much between 1998 and 2014, in contrast, the area of garden, residential land, grassland and cultivated land changed more, where the area of rice and potato decreased, and the area of jujube, apple, walnut, winter wheat, corn and cotton increased. (3) The patch area of crop vegetation of cultivated land and fruit forest gradually decreased which was affected by the large range of reclaiming wasteland and intensive industry development, and the trend of fragmentation intensified. (4) The main driving forces of the changes were economic development and the population change, and the natural driving forces showed a steady cumulative effect. |