| Study on the excessive and insufficient of chemical fertilizer inputs on farmland in Shaanxi Province |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2017.06.24 |
| Key Words: cropland chemical fertilization fertilizing amount evaluation Shaanxi Province |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | WANG Xiao-ying | Yulin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yulin, Shaanxi 719000, China
College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | CHEN Zhan-fei | Yulin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yulin, Shaanxi 719000, China | | HU Fan | College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China | | TONG Yan-an | College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China |
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| Abstract: |
| In order to understand the current status of chemical fertilization on farmlands, including wheat, maize, potato, rape, rice and apple, the household survey data from 69 counties in the project “soil testing and formulated fertilization in 2006—2011” were analyzed. The results show that in Shaanxi Province nitrogen fertilizer inputs were excessive, especially for the tree major crops of wheat, maize and apple, with the proportion of the households fertilized being as high as 68.42%, 63.25% and 72.30% respectively. The excessive amount of N inputs was 257.6 thousand tons, with the annual emissions of CO2 up to 3.3102 million tons at the province level. In addition, nitrogen fertilizer inputs phenomenon of excessive and insufficient existed at the same time for potato, rape and rice, and the excessive level were 26.88%, 15.22% and 22.60% respectively and the insufficient level 33.76%, 46.23% and 29.36% respectively for the three crops. The same as nitrogen inputs, phosphate fertilizer inputs phenomenon of excessive and insufficient also existed at the same time, and the excessive amount of P2O5 inputs was 93.2 thousand tons for the whole province every year. For wheat, maize, potato, rape, rice and apple, the proportion of the households fertilized with excessive level of P2O5 inputs were 41.00%, 30.79%, 25.03%, 26.24%, 11.18% and 50.02% respectively, and the proportion of the households fertilized with insufficient level of P2O5 inputs were 38.09%, 58.76%, 14.87%, 46.16%, 46.46% and 29.81% respectively. A potassium fertilizer input was far from sufficient, and there was more than 60.00% households using insufficient K2O for the whole province. Moreover, the yields of all main crops could be increased when the fertilization rate is at a rational level, especially for P2O5 and K2O. In order for food safety and environmental protection, balance fertilization of nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium is indispensible. |
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